A community of indigenous people (Indians) established in Spanish colonies in Latin America for the purpose of converting them to Christianity. Under the supervision of missionaries, they protected and educated the Indians and encouraged agriculture and handicrafts. The best-known one was established in Paraguay in the 17th century by the Jesuits, and in about a century and a half, there were 30 Guarani reductions, with about 150,000 people under their supervision (→ Guarani Jesuit Missions). However, these reductions, which aimed to protect and convert the Indians, and the Jesuit missionaries who managed them, were resented by the colonists who needed many Indians as laborers, and there was constant conflict. In 1767, the Jesuits were expelled from the colony. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
先住民 (インディオ) のキリスト教改宗を目的として,ラテンアメリカのスペイン植民地に設けられたインディオの生活共同体。宣教師の管理下にあってインディオを保護,教育し農業や手工業を奨励した。最もよく知られているのは 17世紀パラグアイにイエズス会が設立したもので,およそ1世紀半の間にグアラニ族のレドゥクシオンの数は 30,その管理下におかれていた人数はおよそ 15万人にも及んだ (→グアラニ族のイエズス会伝道所) 。しかしこのようにインディオの保護と改宗を目的としたレドゥクシオンとその管理にあたったイエズス会宣教師は,労働力として多くのインディオを必要とした植民者たちから反感をもたれ,抗争が絶えなかった。 1767年イエズス会は植民地から追放された。
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