Tagalog - Tagalog (English)

Japanese: タガログ語 - たがろぐご(英語表記)Tagalog
Tagalog - Tagalog (English)

A Philippine language belonging to the Western branch of the Austronesian language family. It is spoken in the central part of Luzon, centered around Manila, and in the lowlands of Mindoro. It is the second most spoken language with a native speaker rate of about 24% of the total population. It is the parent language of the official language, Pilipino (understanding rate 60%). It contains many loanwords from Spanish and English. It uses a Roman alphabet with 5 vowels and 15 consonants, but in the past, an Indian alphabet was used. The accent is often on the penultimate syllable of a word. The basic syllables are consonant + vowel and consonant + vowel + consonant. Affixes and reduplications play an important role in word composition. The basic sentence structure is verb-object-subject. There are three classes of case markers: ang, ng, and sa, and four aspects of verbs: indefinite, imperfect, perfect, and imperfect. Kumain ng isdâ ang batà (ate-object-fish-nominative-child) "The child ate the fish", Kinain ng isdâ ang batà "The child was eaten by the fish". The suffixes um and in, which are inserted into the verb kain, indicate the perfect, while um indicates that the subject phrase preceded by ang is the actor, and in indicates that the subject phrase preceded by ang is the object.

[Yamada Yukihiro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

オーストロネシア語族西部語派に属するフィリピン諸語の一つ。マニラを中心としたルソン島中部、ミンドロ島低地の言語。母語率は全人口の約24%で第2位。公用語フィリピノPilipino語(理解率60%)の母体となった。スペイン語、英語からの借用語が多い。母音5、子音15のローマ字を用いるが、古くはインド系の文字を使用していた。アクセントは語末から2番目の音節にくることが多い。音節は子音+母音、子音+母音+子音が基本である。語構成には、接辞、重複が重要な働きをする。基本的な文構造は、動詞―目的語―主語。格標示にはang, ng, saの3クラス、動詞には不定、未然、完了、未完了の4相がある。Kumain ng isdâ ang batà(食べた―目的格―魚―主格―子供)「その子は魚を食べた」、Kinain ng isdâ ang batà「その子は魚が食べた」。動詞kainに割って入った接辞umとinは完了を表すとともに、umはangに導かれて主語になっている句が行為者であることを、またinはangに導かれて主語になっている句が対象物であることを示している。

[山田幸宏]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Tagalog - Tagalog (English spelling) Tagalog

>>:  Tagar culture

Recommend

Leviticus - Leviticus (English spelling)

One of the Pentateuch in the Old Testament. In Heb...

Louisiana [State] - Louisiana

A state in the southern United States, on the Gulf...

lava tube

...A tunnel-like cavity that occurs in a thick, f...

Well - Kosei

(1) chute; winze Generally, a small vertical shaft...

Nepeta

...A rather rare perennial plant of the Lamiaceae...

Catarrhinoceros monkeys - Modern monkeys

A general term for all monkeys in the order Prima...

Heterosaccus papillosus (English spelling) Heterosaccuspapillosus

... The Sacculina confragosa is a flat, yellow co...

Ondo Kingdom

...an ethnic group living in the area of ​​West A...

Sliding rock mass - Moving rock mass

...On gentle slopes, rock masses cannot move and ...

Hidemaro Konoe

Conductor and composer. Half-brother of politicia...

Erard, F.

…[Kadoyama Sakae]. … *Some of the terminology tha...

Aerospace industry - aerospace industry

The industry that produces aircraft, spacecraft, ...

"Izumi Province Ukina Reservoir" - Izumi Province Ukina Reservoir

...It is believed that this work also influenced ...

al-Ḥakam II (English spelling)

... The culture of the Later Umayyad Dynasty was ...

Arcade - arcade

In architecture, this refers to a series of ident...