Ro¨ssler, Karl Friedrich Hermann

Japanese: レースラー - Ｒｏ¨ｓｓｌｅｒ，ＫａｒｌＦｒｉｅｄｒｉｃｈＨｅｒｍａｎｎ

Year of death: 1894.12.2 (1894.12.2)
Born: December 18, 1834
German jurist, economist, and foreign employee. Also known as Roessler. Born in Bavaria to a Lutheran family. His father was a prosecutor. He studied at the Universities of Erlangen and Munich, and obtained his doctorate in law for his thesis "The Nature of the Assets of Trading Companies," his doctorate in economics for his thesis "The Value of Labor," and his professorial qualification for "The Influence of Taxation on Labor Wages." In 1861, he became a private lecturer at the University of Erlangen, and a professor at the University of Rostock in the same year, lecturing on public administration, finance, statistics, and economics. In 1878, he was forced to resign from his university position after converting to Catholicism. Invited by the Japanese government in 1878, he arrived in Yokohama at the end of the year. In 1879, he became an advisor to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and in 1883, he became an advisor to the Cabinet, staying there until 1891. During the political upheaval of 1881, he drafted the original "Iwakura General Principles," which proposed the adoption of a German-style constitution, and later assisted Ito Hirobumi, Inoue Tsuyoshi, and others in their legislative efforts. In addition to the constitution, he also drafted the Commercial Code, the Stock Exchange Act, and the Banking Act, but the Commercial Code he drafted had a stronger French character. <Works> "Social Administrative Law" translated by Makoto Egi <References> "Modernization of the Japanese State and Roessler" by Johannes Siemes (translated by Hideyo Homma)

(Ryuichi Nagao)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：1894.12.2(1894.12.2)
生年：1834.12.18
ドイツの法学者,経済学者,お雇い外国人。ロエスレルとも。バイエルンでルター派の家庭に生まれる。父は検察官。エアランゲン大,ミュンヘン大に学び,論文「商事会社の資産の性格」で法学博士号,「労働の価値」で経済学博士号,「労働賃金に対する課税の影響」で教授資格を得る。1861年エアランゲン大私講師,同年ロストック大教授となり,行政学,財政学,統計学,経済学を講じた。78年カトリックに改宗したため,大学辞任を余儀なくされた。明治11(1878)年日本政府の招聘を受け,年末に横浜到着。12年より外務省顧問,17年内閣顧問となり,26年まで滞在する。明治14年政変の際,ドイツ型憲法の採用を提案した「岩倉大綱領」の原案を作成,その後も伊藤博文,井上毅らの立法作業を助けた。憲法のほか商法,取引所条例,銀行条例なども起草したが,彼の起草した商法案はむしろフランス的な性格が強い。<著作>江木衷訳『社会行政法論』<参考文献>ヨハネス・ジーメス『日本国家の近代化とロェスラー』(本間英世訳)

(長尾龍一)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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