Bede

Japanese: ベーダ

The fundamental scriptures of Indian orthodox Brahmanism. The word "Veda" means knowledge, and it became the name of the scriptures that collected all religious knowledge. There are four types of Vedas: the Rig Veda, a collection of hymns to the gods; the Sama Veda, a collection of poems to be sung to tune; the Yajur Veda, a collection of books on the practical aspects of rituals; and the Atharva Veda, a collection of incantations to ward off disasters. The main part of each Vedas is called the Samhita (book), which is a collection of hymns, lyrics, ritual words, and incantations, and when simply called a Vedas, this part is what is meant. Documents accompanying the Samhitas include the Brahmanas (ritual books), the Aranyakas (forest books), and the Upanishads (esoteric books). The Samhitas and accompanying documents are all called the Vedas in a broad sense. The Vedas are believed to have been created between the 15th and 5th centuries BCE.
Related topics: Arya Samaj | Hindu languages | Kalpa Sutra | Guru | Shakuntala | Free thinker | Dayananda Saraswati | Hinduism | Brahman | Vedic | Vedanta | Levi | Six schools of philosophy

Bede

Bede was a medieval English cleric and historian who spent most of his life at Jarrow Abbey in the north of England. He wrote many works on natural science, history, and theology, as well as fragments of poetry, but his most important work is the five-volume Latin History of the English Ecclesiastical Society.
→ Related article Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

インドの正統的バラモン教の根本聖典。ベーダとは知識の意で，宗教的知識を総集した聖典の名称となったもの。ベーダには４種あって，神々への賛歌を集めた〈リグ・ベーダ〉，旋律に合わせて歌う詩歌を集めた〈サーマ・ベーダ〉，祭祀の実務に関する書を集めた〈ヤジュル・ベーダ〉，災厄を除く呪法の句を集めた〈アタルバ・ベーダ〉である。また各ベーダの主要部分は〈サンヒター（本集）〉と呼ばれ，それぞれ賛歌・歌詞・祭詞・呪詞の集録で，単にベーダという場合はこの部分をさす。サンヒターに付随する文献にブラーフマナ（祭儀書），アーラニヤカ（森林書），ウパニシャッド（奥義書）がある。サンヒターと付随文献を含めて広義のベーダと呼ぶ。ベーダの成立は前15世紀から前５世紀の間とされる。
→関連項目アーリヤ・サマージ｜インド語派｜カルパ・スートラ｜グル｜シャクンタラー｜自由思想家｜ダヤーナンダ・サラスバティー｜ヒンドゥー教｜ブラフマン｜ベーダ語｜ベーダーンタ学派｜レビ｜六派哲学