Historical geography - English

Japanese: 歴史地理学 - れきしちりがく(英語表記)historical geography 英語
Historical geography - English

A field of geography that uses documentary sources to investigate geographical issues in the context of change and development of various regions and the entire Earth's surface in historical times. Along with archaeological geography, which investigates using physical sources such as remains and ruins, and prehistoric geography, which investigates geographical issues in prehistoric times, human geography forms the main body of geographical research on past eras. Human geography restores the regional conditions (landscapes) of various past eras using old records and old maps, and compares them to clarify the structure of regional change and development, and to clarify human activities that form and develop societies and cultures in relation to the natural environment and bring about regional transformation. Research in human geography mainly focuses on human activities, societies, and cultures in the world and various regions today, but because humans are historical beings, historical and dynamic investigations are necessary. For this reason, human geography research must incorporate a certain degree of historical geographical operations. Therefore, historical geography is not only a branch of geography in the sense that it is the study of the geography of past eras, but it can also be said to be a necessary research method for human geography. Thus, in the study of historical geography, it is first necessary to collect, investigate, organize, decipher, and interpret old records and old maps, and then the reconstruction of the area based on that is the basic task.

[Eiichi Nakata]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

文献資料によって、歴史時代における地表の諸地域や地表全域に関し、その変化・発展のなかに地理学的諸問題を究明する地理学の一分野。物的資料である遺物や遺跡によって究明を図る考古地理学や、先史時代の地理学的諸問題を究明する先史地理学とともに、過去の時代に関する地理学的研究の主体を形づくる。過去のさまざまな時代の地域の情況(景観)を、古記録、古地図などによって復原し、それらを比較して、地域の変化・発展の構造を明らかにし、自然環境とのかかわりにおいて、社会や文化を形成し発展せしめ、地域の変貌(へんぼう)をもたらす人間の活動を明らかにする。人文地理学の諸研究は主として現在の世界や諸地域における人間の活動や社会、文化を対象とするが、人間は歴史的存在であるがゆえに、歴史的・動態的究明が必要とされる。このため、人文地理学の研究には、ある程度の歴史地理学的操作が加えられる必要がある。したがって、歴史地理学は、過去の時代の地理学的研究という点で地理学の一分野を構成するとともに、人文地理学にとって必要な研究方法であるともいえる。かくて歴史地理学の研究では、まず古記録や古地図などの収集、調査、整理、解読、解釈が必要で、それに基づく地域の復原が基礎的作業となる。

[中田榮一]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Philosophy of History - Rekishi shite tugaku (English spelling) philosophy of history English

>>:  Historical map - historical map (English spelling)

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