In the early Showa period, Kubo Kakutaro and his sister-in-law Kotani Kimi founded this new Lotus Sutra religion, preaching lay Buddhism. Its doctrine is a combination of ancestor worship and Lotus Sutra faith, but the basis of its faith is ancestral worship, and the Lotus Sutra gives authority to this and guarantees the existence of the spirit world. It believes that if the ancestors of both spouses are traced back infinitely, their bloodlines will intertwine infinitely and all spirits will be worshiped, so it chants sutras and enshrines the "general posthumous name" and the "spirit mirror" which lists all known related posthumous names on the Buddhist altar. It spread by preaching that ancestor worship is the way to cut off bad karma and achieve liberation through small group circle-style personal counseling and faith guidance called "hoza." However, because Chairman Kotani had such a strong ascetic character, a tendency for the sect to split off began to arise around 1935 (Showa 10), and within a few years, four sects, including the Kodo sect (Okano Shodo) and the Rissho Kosei-kai (Niwano Nikkyo and Naganuma Myoko), became independent. After Kubo's death from illness, the sect grew in influence after World War II thanks to Kotani's selfless guidance, but in 1949 (Showa 24), tax evasion, gold hiding, and drug cases led to Myochikai, Busshogonenkai, and Houshikai becoming independent, and in 1953, a total of 11 sects split off and became independent. With the incident in mind, Kotani built the Kubo Auditorium in Toranomon, Tokyo, and donated it to the Social Work Hall, while building Shakaden and Mirokusan in Izu, laying the foundations for the organization of the religious organization. In 1971, Kubo Tsugunari (1936-) became the second chairman, and began evangelizing to young people with the slogan "Inner Trip" (a Japanese-English word meaning "return to the human heart"). He also devoted himself to social activities, establishing the Reiyukai Welfare Center and the Japan Spiritual Science Institute, and carrying out educational activities through the Meiho Gakuin Junior and Senior High School, the Azabudai School Education Research Institute, the Inner Trip International Exchange Association, and the Inner Trip Youth Center, and in 1996 he founded the International Graduate School of Buddhist Studies. The headquarters is in Azabudai, Minato-ku, Tokyo. In 2013, Sueyoshi Masaharu (1949-) became the fifth president. There are 5 churches, 80 missionary stations, 2,785 others, 2,785 teachers, and 1,369,050 believers (Religious Yearbook, 2014 edition). [Masao Fujii] "Kubo Tsunenari (ed.), "Kotani Kimi Selections: Music of the Heavens" (1972, Butsunosekaisha) " ▽ "Kubo Tsunenari, "The Advice of Lay Buddhism - For Living in This Delusional Modern Age" (1975, Inner Tripsha)" ▽ Mizuno Yasuharu, "Reiyukai" (1985, Kodansha)" ▽ "Reiyukai History Compilation Committee (ed.), "Reiyukai Materials 1-5" (1988, Reiyukai)" ▽ "Kubo Katsuji, "Living Our Lives - My Inner Trip" (1990, Inner Tripsha)" ▽ "Reiyukai History Compilation Committee (ed.), "Reiyukai History I" (1992, Reiyukai)" ▽ "Reiyukai History Compilation Committee (ed.), "Reiyukai History I" (2nd volume) (1996, Reiyukai)" [References] | | | | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
昭和初期、久保角太郎(かくたろう)と義姉小谷喜美(こたにきみ)とが在家仏教主義を唱えて開いた法華(ほっけ)系新宗教。教義は先祖供養と法華信仰との結合にあるが、信仰の基軸は祖霊崇拝で、『法華経(ほけきょう)』はそれを権威づけ、霊界の存在を保証する位置づけにある。夫婦双方の先祖代々を無限にさかのぼれば血統が無限に交錯して万霊を供養することになるとして「総戒名(そうかいみょう)」と、判明する限りの有縁(うえん)の戒名を記した「霊鑑(れいかん)」とを仏壇に祀(まつ)って唱題読経する。「法座」とよぶ小集団サークル形式の身の上相談、信仰指導を通して、先祖供養こそが悪い因縁(いんねん)を断ち切って解脱(げだつ)に至る道と説いて教勢が広がった。しかし、会長小谷の行者(ぎょうじゃ)的性格が強かっただけに、1935年(昭和10)ごろから分裂の機運が生じ、数年間に孝道(こうどう)教団(岡野正道(しょうどう))、立正佼成(りっしょうこうせい)会(庭野日敬(にわのにっきょう)、長沼妙佼(ながぬまみょうこう))など4教団が独立した。久保病死のあと小谷の捨身(しゃしん)の「お導き」で第二次世界大戦後は教勢を伸ばした反面、1949年(昭和24)の脱税、金塊隠匿、麻薬事件を契機に妙智会(みょうちかい)、仏所護念会(ぶっしょごねんかい)、法師会などが独立し、1953年の赤い羽根共同募金の横領事件などで、計11教団が分派独立した。小谷は事件の含みもあって東京虎ノ門(とらのもん)に久保講堂を建てて社会事業会館に寄付する一方、釈迦(しゃか)殿、伊豆(いず)の弥勒(みろく)山などを建立して教団組織化の基盤を築いた。1971年、第2代会長に久保継成(つぐなり)(1936― )が就任、和製英語の「いんなあとりっぷ」Inner Trip(人間の心に帰ろう)を標語に青少年を対象とする布教を展開した。また、社会活動にも力を注ぎ、福祉活動としては霊友会福祉センター、日本精神科学研究所をつくり、学校法人明法学院中・高等学校、麻布台(あざぶだい)学校教育研究所、財団法人インナートリップ国際交流協会、インナートリップ青少年センターなどを通して教育活動を行い、1996年(平成8)には国際仏教学大学院大学を創設した。本部は東京都港区麻布台。2013年(平成25)、末吉将祠(すえよしまさはる)(1949― )が第5代会長に就任した。教会数5、布教所数80、その他2785、教師数2785、信者数136万9050(『宗教年鑑』平成26年版)。 [藤井正雄] 『久保継成編『小谷喜美抄・天の音楽』(1972・佛乃世界社)』▽『久保継成著『在家主義仏教のすすめ――迷妄の現代を生きるために』(1975・いんなあとりっぷ社)』▽『水野泰治著『霊友会』(1985・講談社)』▽『霊友会史編纂委員会編『霊友会資料1―5』(1988・霊友会)』▽『久保克児著『生かしあっていのち――私のインナートリップ』(1990・いんなあとりっぷ社)』▽『霊友会史編纂委員会編『霊友会史Ⅰ』上(1992・霊友会)』▽『霊友会史編纂委員会編『霊友会史Ⅰ』下(1996・霊友会)』 [参照項目] | | | | | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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