A lake formed in the old course of a river. An oxbow lake is a typical example of this type of lake. It was formed when a meandering river flowing through a well-developed alluvial plain left the meandering river course behind due to short-circuiting and siltation during floods. There are many lakes of this type in alluvial plains where large rivers flow, such as the Mississippi River in the United States and the Ishikari River in Hokkaido. In addition, a pond called an "oppori" found in the middle reaches of the Tone River is a depression caused by erosion and sedimentation during floods, and False Lake near Grand Coulee in Washington State, USA, is a type of riverbed lake that was left as a lake due to changes in the course of a waterfall in the old course of the Columbia River. [Kinshiro Nakao] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
河川の旧流路に生じた湖沼。この種の湖の典型的なものとしては三日月湖(みかづきこ)があげられる。成因は、よく発達した沖積平野を流れる河川の蛇行が進行し、曲流した河道が洪水時の短絡と埋積作用などによって取り残されたことによる。アメリカのミシシッピ川や北海道の石狩川など大河川が流れる沖積平野にこの種の湖が多い。また、利根(とね)川中流部にみられる落堀(おっぽり)とよばれる池は、洪水時の洗削と堆積(たいせき)による窪地(くぼち)であり、アメリカ、ワシントン州グランド・クーリー付近のフォルス湖は、コロンビア川の旧河道の滝壺(たきつぼ)が流路変遷で湖として残ったもので、河跡湖の一種である。 [中尾欣四郎] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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