The Society for Diligence and Frugality

...It began with Mao Zedong's instruction to "raise educated young people to be educated workers with a socialist consciousness" ("On the Problem of Correctly Dealing with Contradictions Among the People," February 1957). Its origins lie in the "Society for Hard Workers and Frugality," which was organized in June 1915 by the famous anarchist Li Shizeng (whose real name was Yuying) among the Chinese workers sent to France to make up for the labor shortage in the war-prone countries when the country entered the First World War, with the aim of "working hard, being frugal, and seeking education." In 1817, the Society for Studying and Frugality in France was established in China, and many intellectual young people who had been awakened to the New Culture Movement, including the New People's Society in Hunan, actively participated. As a result, it developed into a unique ideological movement that sought to liberate China from imperialism and warlords through studying in France, and even sought to synthesize physical labor and intellectual labor.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Duties and Frugality Society" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…知識青年を〈社会主義的自覚をもつ，教養をそなえた勤労者に育てあげる〉という毛沢東の指示(《人民内部の矛盾を正しく処理する問題について》1957年2月)が発端となった。その源は，第1次世界大戦期の1915年6月にフランスの参戦華工(参戦国の労働力欠乏を補うために送りこまれた中国人労働者)の間で，無政府主義者で有名な李石曾(名は煜瀛（いくえい）)が〈工作に勤め，倹にして以て求学する〉ことを趣旨に組織した〈勤工倹学会〉にある。17年には，中国国内に〈留法(フランス)勤工倹学会〉ができ，湖南の新民学会をはじめ，新文化運動にめざめた多くの知識青年が積極的に参加した結果，フランス留学を通じて中国を帝国主義，軍閥から解放する手だてを模索し，さらには肉体労働と頭脳労働の止揚をもめざす，一種独特の思想運動にまで発展した。…

※「勤工倹学会」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報