1870‐1954 French mathematician and philosopher. After serving as professor of mathematics at the Lycée, he became professor of philosophy at the Collège de France in 1921, succeeding Bergson. Under the influence of Bergson, he engaged in nominalist considerations of scientific knowledge. He took Poincaré's conventionalism to the extreme, and emphasized the arbitrary nature of scientific theories, arguing that even scientific facts are expedient. He also criticized traditional theology regarding religious dogma, arguing that religious truth is an object of faith and cannot be grasped by philosophical reasoning. His works include The Logic of Invention (1905), Dogma and Critique (1907), and Intuitive Thinking (1929-30), among others. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1870‐1954 フランスの数学者,哲学者。リセの数学教授を経て,1921年ベルグソンの後任としてコレージュ・ド・フランス哲学教授。ベルグソンの影響下に科学的知に関する唯名論的な考察を行う。ポアンカレの規約主義を徹底化し,科学的事実をも便宜的なものであるとして科学理論の恣意的性格を強調した。さらに宗教的ドグマについても,宗教的真理は信仰の対象であり,哲学的推論によっては把握しえないとして,伝統的神学を批判した。著作には《発明の論理》(1905),《ドグマと批判》(1907),《直観的思考》(1929‐30)ほかがある。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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