Liaodong Peninsula

A peninsula in the southern part of Liaoning Province, China. It lies south of a line connecting the Liao River estuary, the old mouth of the Liao River, and the Yalu River estuary, and juts out between the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea. The Qianshan Mountains form the backbone of the peninsula, but long-term erosion has caused it to become hilly. The coast is winding, and there are many islands along the coast, including the Changshan Islands. Agricultural products include corn, rice, sorghum, foxtail millet, soybeans, and cotton, as well as large apple orchards that make use of the hillsides, and tussah silk is produced in large quantities in the eastern part of the country. The fishing industry is thriving along the coast, and the Changshan Islands are known as good fishing grounds. Solar salt production is also popular along the coast. The area south of Jinxian is called the Luida Peninsula (known as the Kwantung Leased Territory during the Japanese occupation), and is particularly rich in bays, with two ports, Dalian and Port Arthur. Port Arthur is a naval base, and was a military port during the time of Russian and Japanese rule. Dalian is one of China's major trading ports, with a well-developed heavy chemical industry and many joint ventures with foreign companies, and is also the port of loading crude oil from the Daqing oil fields and other sources.

[Kono Michihiro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、遼寧(りょうねい／リヤオニン)省南部の半島。遼河(りょうが)旧河口の遼河口と鴨緑(おうりょく)江河口部を結んだ線より南にあたり、黄海と渤海(ぼっかい)の間に突出している。千山山脈が半島の脊梁(せきりょう)をなすが、長期にわたる侵食により丘陵化している。海岸は曲折に富み、沿岸部には長山群島をはじめ多くの島々が浮かぶ。農産物としてはトウモロコシ、米、コウリャン、アワ、大豆、綿花などのほか、丘陵斜面を利用した広いリンゴ園があり、また東部では柞蚕糸(さくさんし)の生産が多い。沿岸は水産業が盛んで、長山群島は好漁場として知られる。海岸部では天日製塩も盛んである。金県以南は旅大(りょだい／リュイター)半島（日本占領時代は関東州）とよばれるが、とくに湾入に富み、大連(だいれん／ターリエン)と旅順(りょじゅん／リュイシュン)の2港がある。旅順は海軍基地で、かつてロシア、日本が支配していた時代も軍港であった。大連は中国の代表的な貿易港の一つで、重化学工業も発達し、外国との合併企業も多く立地し、大慶(たいけい)油田などの原油の積出し港でもある。

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