A ruin is a unit of space that consists of physical materials left by past humans or that show the results of human activity, and that is inseparably related to the land on which it is located. Generally, ruins are structures built on the ground or carved into the earth, but even objects that can be considered relics in themselves, such as sunken ships, can be considered ruins if the place where they were found is significant. There are various types of ruins, such as the remains of houses, workshops, rice paddies, shell mounds, tombs, temples, and capital cities. While some of these can be considered ruins on their own, they are often combined to represent the living space of a certain human group, and they must be recognized as a single ruin. Another word similar to ruins is the scattering of artifacts. The scattering of artifacts is not necessarily the result of human activity, but can also be the result of natural phenomena such as floods, but it is a sign of the existence of ruins nearby, and is treated in the same way as a ruin. [Shigeru Ueyama] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
過去の人間の残した物的資料、または人間の活動の結果を示す物的資料からなり、その存在する土地と不可分な関係にある単位空間を遺跡とよぶ。一般に遺跡と認められるものは、地上に築かれ、あるいは大地に穿(うが)たれた遺構の存在であるが、たとえば沈没船のようにそれ自体は遺物ともいえるものでも、その発見された場所が意味をもつ場合にはこれも遺跡とみなされる。遺跡には、住居跡、工房跡、水田跡、貝塚、墳墓寺院跡、都城跡などの種類がある。それらは単独で遺跡となる場合もあるが、ある人間集団の生活空間を表すものとして、そのいくつかが組み合わさったものであり、それらをあわせて一つの遺跡と認識する必要がある。なお遺跡に類似することばに遺物散布地がある。単に遺物の散布自体は、かならずしも人間の活動の結果によるものだけでなく、洪水などの自然現象によるものもあるが、それは近くに遺跡の存在する徴候であり、遺跡と同様に扱われる。 [植山 茂] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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