Repressor

Japanese: リプレッサー(英語表記)repressor
Repressor
A repressor is a regulatory protein that regulates the expression of genes. It is synthesized based on the genetic code of a regulatory gene and binds specifically to operators, which act as switches for other genes, to suppress the reading of the gene and the synthesis of messenger RNA. In the case of inducible regulation (e.g., β-galactosidase), the repressor itself binds to the operator, but in the presence of an inducer (e.g., lactose), it binds to the repressor and prevents it from binding to the operator. In the case of inhibitory regulation (e.g., the histidine synthase system), the repressor alone cannot bind to the operator, so the gene promotes enzyme synthesis, and when an excess of the inhibitor (the end product, histidine) is produced and present in the cell, the combination of this with the repressor gains the ability to bind to the operator. In some cases, such as the repressor of the lactose enzyme system, the substance has been purified, and the primary structure and subunit structure of the protein are gradually becoming clear.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
遺伝子の形質発現を調節する制御蛋白質。調節遺伝子の遺伝暗号に基づいて合成され,他の遺伝子のスイッチ役をするオペレーターに特異的に結合して,遺伝子が読取られてメッセンジャー RNAが合成されるのを抑制する。誘導的調節 (たとえばβ-ガラクトシダーゼ) の場合には,リプレッサーそのものがオペレーターに結合するが,誘導物質 (ラクトースなど) が存在するとこれがリプレッサーと結合して,オペレーターへの結合を妨げる。反対に抑制的調節の場合 (たとえばヒスチジン合成酵素系) には,リプレッサー単独ではオペレーターに結合できないので遺伝子による酵素合成が進み,抑制物質 (終産物であるヒスチジン) が過剰に生じて細胞内に存在するようになると,これとリプレッサーとの結合物が,オペレーターとの結合力を得る。ラクトース酵素系のリプレッサーなどいくつかの場合には,物質としての精製が進み,蛋白質としての一次構造やサブユニット構造も判明しつつある。

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