Starvation

Japanese: starvation
Starvation

… Living organisms obtain the energy they need to survive by ingesting food, but if for some reason they are continuously deficient in energy intake, their own tissue components gradually break down and they lose weight. This state is called hunger (starvation), and death due to it is called starvation or death from starvation. There are two types of starvation: complete starvation, in which no food is consumed (including the case where only water is consumed), and incomplete starvation, which is caused by a lack of nutrition or malnutrition. In complete starvation, initial energy supply is provided by glycogen stored in the muscles and liver, but even after glycogen is consumed, energy is continuously supplied by fat, and eventually protein is also broken down. …

*Some explanations of terms that mention "starvation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…生体は,生命維持に必要なエネルギーを食物の摂取によって得ているが,なんらかの理由で持続的に摂取エネルギーが不足すると,自身の組織構成成分が漸次分解され,体重が減少する。このような状態を飢餓hunger(starvation)といい,それによる死を飢餓死または餓死という。飢餓には食物をまったく摂取しない完全飢餓(水だけ摂取する場合を含む)と栄養の不足または失調による不完全飢餓があり,完全飢餓では,初期のエネルギー補給は筋肉や肝臓に蓄えられているグリコーゲンで行われるが,グリコーゲン消費後も脂肪によって持続的なエネルギーの補給が行われ,ついにはタンパク質も分解される。…

※「starvation」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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