Lipps, Theodor

Japanese: リップス（英語表記）Lipps， Theodor

Born: July 28, 1851 Walhalben
Died October 17, 1914, Munich German psychologist and philosopher. He served as professor at the universities of Bonn, Breslau (now Wrocław), and Munich. He is considered a representative of psychologism, which argues that psychology is an empirical science about conscious experiences grasped through introspection, and also a branch of philosophy about the essence of reality in the sense of directly grasping reality (consciousness). However, in his later years, he softened his position somewhat and also accepted explanatory psychology, which explains the causality of psychological phenomena. In addition to his research on spatial perception, optical illusions, and aesthetic beauty, he was particularly famous for his theory of empathy about aesthetic consciousness, which he argued was based on empathy in the recognition of the mental lives of others. His major works include The Fundamental Problems of Mental Life (1883), The Fundamental Ethical Problems (99), Aesthetics (2 volumes, 1903-06), An Introduction to Psychology (03), and Philosophie und Wirklichkeit (07).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1851.7.28. ワルハルベン
[没]1914.10.17. ミュンヘン
ドイツの心理学者，哲学者。ボン，ブレスラウ (現ウロツワフ) ，ミュンヘンの各大学教授を歴任。心理学は内省によってとらえられる意識体験についての経験科学であり，かつ実在 (意識) を直接とらえるという意味での実在の本質に関する哲学の一部門でもあると説く心理主義の代表者とされているが，後期ではその立場はやや緩和され，心理現象の因果性を説く説明的心理学をも認めた。空間知覚，錯視，造形美の研究のほかに，美意識についての感情移入説は特に有名で，他人の精神生活の認識もこの移入に基づくとした。主著『精神生活の根本問題』 Grundtatsachen des Seelenlebens (1883) ，『倫理的根本課題』 Die ethischen Grundfragen (99) ，『美学』 Ästhetik (2巻，1903～06) ，『心理学入門』 Leitfaden der Psychologie (03) ，『哲学と実在』 Philosophie und Wirklichkeit (07) 。

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