Lissitzky, El

Japanese: リシツキー（英語表記）Lissitzky， El

Born: November 10, 1890 in Smolensk
[Died] December 30, 1941. Moscow Soviet painter, designer, and architect. His real name was Lazar Markovich Lissitzky. He was rejected from the Moscow Art School because he was Jewish, so he studied architecture at the Technical University in Darmstadt, Germany. In 1919, he returned to Moscow and was influenced by Malevich's Suprematism, and started painting abstract paintings. After the revolution, in 1921, he became a professor at the Moscow State Art School, but at the end of the same year, the Soviet government banned abstract art, so he moved to Switzerland via Germany. In 1924, he held an exhibition in the United States, and from 1925 to 1928, he was active in Hanover, and at the end of 1928, he exhibited his works in Moscow. His expressive style, which is based on the composition of geometric forms, influenced European abstract art, and he also made many achievements in the fields of graphic design, typography, photomontage, and architecture. He had many interactions with Western European artists, and was also a major contributor to the spread of constructivism. His major work is Prawn (1924-25).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1890.11.10. スモレンスク
[没]1941.12.30. モスクワ
ソ連の画家，デザイナー，建築家。本名 Lazar Markovich Lissitzky。ユダヤ人であったためモスクワ美術学校入学を断られ，ドイツのダルムシュタット工科大学で建築を学ぶ。 1919年モスクワに戻りマレービッチのシュプレマティスムの影響を受け，抽象画を描く。革命後の 21年にモスクワ国立美術学校の教授となったが，同年末ソビエト政府が抽象芸術を排除したため，ドイツを経てスイスに移住。 24年アメリカで展覧会を開き，25～28年ハノーバーで活躍，28年末にはモスクワで作品を発表した。幾何学的形態の構成による表現豊かな作風は，ヨーロッパの抽象美術に影響を与え，グラフィック・デザイン，タイポグラフィ，フォトモンタージュや建築の分野でも多くの業績を残した。西ヨーロッパの芸術家との交流が多く，構成主義を広めた功績も大きい。主要作品『プロウン』 (1924～25) 。

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