Lictores (English spelling)

Japanese: リクトル（英語表記）lictores

In ancient Rome, magistrates with the power of command, attendants of priests. They are said to have originated in Etruria and existed since the Roman monarchy. They were organized into groups of ten, received a fixed salary, and were appointed every year. They were mostly lower-class citizens, usually freed slaves, and always accompanied magistrates, and performed practical duties such as heralding, directing traffic, providing personal security, and carrying out their duties. The number of magistrates varied depending on the type of magistrate; consuls had 12 lictors, dictators had 24, and praetors had 6 lictors (2 in the city of Rome). They carried fasces, usually wore togas, and wore red surcoats (sagums) at triumphal processes and black robes at funerals.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

古代ローマのインペリウム (命令権) を有する政務官，神官の付き人。エトルリアの起源といわれ，ローマ王政期から存在。いくつかの 10人組で組織され一定の給与を受け，毎年新しく任命された。下層市民が主で，通例解放奴隷であり常に政務官らに従い，先触れ，通行整理，身辺警備，職務遂行の際の実務を行なった。政務官の種類によりその人数は異なり，執政官 (コンスル ) は 12人，独裁官 (ディクタトル ) は 24人，法務官 (プラエトル ) は6人 (ローマ市内では2人) のリクトルをそれぞれ有した。ファスケスを携行し，通例トガを着用，凱旋式には赤い上着 (サグム) ，葬儀には黒衣を着た。

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