Harmonic mean

Japanese: 調和平均 - ちょうわへいきん(英語表記)harmonic mean
Harmonic mean

The reciprocal of the arithmetic mean of the reciprocals of n observations (data) x 1 , x 2 , …, x n , i.e.

A type of average calculated using

This is a formula used to calculate the average of numbers that are expressed as ratios, such as speed, productivity, etc. For example, if two people travel a certain distance at speeds of x 1 and x 2 , the average speed for the round trip is calculated by setting n=2.

Also, taking into account the weights w 1 , w 2 , ..., w n , the weighted harmonic mean is given by:


For example, if three factories produce w1 , w2 , and w3 respectively over a certain period of time and their labor productivity is x1 , x2 , and x3 , the average labor productivity of the three factories is given by the weighted harmonic average when n = 3. Furthermore, in this formula, if x i is the ratio of the current price of good i to the price at the base point in time and w i is the current amount of household expenditure on that good, the value calculated by the weighted harmonic average will match the price index based on the Paasche formula.

[Tadashi Takashima]

[Reference item] | Paasche index

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

n個の観測値(データ)x1、x2、……、xnの逆数の算術平均の逆数、すなわち

で計算される平均値の一種。

 速度や生産性などのように比率として表示される数の平均値を算出するときに用いられる算式である。たとえば、ある距離をそれぞれx1、x2の速度で往復した場合、往復の平均速度はn=2と置いて計算される。

 また、ウェイト(荷重)w1、w2、……、wnを考慮すると、加重調和平均が次式で与えられる。


たとえば、三つの工場で一定期間にそれぞれw1、w2、w3の生産量をあげ、それぞれの労働生産性がx1、x2、x3であった場合、三工場の平均労働生産性は、n=3の場合の加重調和平均で与えられる。また、この式で、xiをi財の基準時点の価格に対する現時点の価格比とし、wiをその財に対する現時点での家計支出金額とすると、加重調和平均によって計算される値は、パーシェ算式に基づく物価指数に一致する。

[高島 忠]

[参照項目] | パーシェ指数

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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