English poet and painter. Born as the 21st of 21 children of a Highgate stockbroker. He started out as a zoological illustrator, and then began producing children's poetry and illustrated books under the patronage of the 13th Earl of Derby. He used limericks (five lines, rhyming with aabba, with lines three and four only half the length of the others) to maximize wordplay, wit, and fantasy, and he created his own unique and eccentric illustrations. He is known as a master of nonsense literature alongside Lewis Carroll, and is called the "Poet Laureate of Limericks." He suffered from epilepsy throughout his life, and was lonely despite being surrounded by warm friends. Like Carroll, he deals with the childlike mind, but his works unfold with a wounded and delicate sensibility, and a sense of absurdity that is similar to that of Beckett and Ionesco. Eliot and Auden were greatly influenced by this style. His works were collected in the book "Pictures of Nonsense" (1856). He died on January 29, 1888. [Hiroshi Debuchi] "Complete Translation of Nonsense Picture Books (Iwanami Bunko)" by Naoki Yanase Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イギリスの詩人、画家。ハイゲートの株屋の21人のうち21番目の子として生まれる。初め動物学の図版書きとして出発、やがて13代ダービー伯の庇護(ひご)のもとで童詩と挿絵の本の制作にとりかかる。戯詩(リメリック)(5行からできていて、aabbaと韻を踏み、3、4行が他の行の半分の長さしかない)を使って、ことばの遊戯と機知と幻想を最大限に推し進め、独特な奇抜な挿絵を自らつけ、ルイス・キャロルと並んでナンセンス文学の大家として知られ、「リメリックの桂冠(けいかん)詩人」と呼ばれる。生涯、癲癇(てんかん)に苦しみ、温かい友人たちに囲まれながら孤独をかこっていた。キャロル同様、童心を相手にしながらそこに繰り広げられるのは傷ついた繊細な感受性であり、ベケット、イヨネスコに通じる不条理の感覚である。エリオット、オーデンらがこの形式からかなり影響を受けている。作品は『ナンセンスの絵本』(1856)にまとめられている。1888年1月29日没。 [出淵 博] 『柳瀬尚紀訳『完訳 ナンセンスの絵本』(岩波文庫)』 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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