Born: November 27, 1940, San Francisco, California, United States
[Died] July 20, 1973. Hong Kong Actor born in the United States. Grew up in Hong Kong. Influenced by his father, a Cantonese opera singer and actor, Lee was familiar with acting from an early age, and was often cast in films as a delinquent boy. He learned kung fu and dance in his teens. Worried about his constant fights and police involvement, his parents moved him to the United States when he turned 18. He studied philosophy and drama at the University of Washington, while also opening a martial arts school. Around 1964, he founded Jeet Kune Do. After catching the eye of a television person in a karate tournament in Los Angeles, he was cast as a supporting actor in the TV series The Green Hornet (1966-67). However, he was unable to keep up acting work, and made money by instructing action scenes for Hollywood stars such as Steve McQueen. He attracted attention in a scene in Marlowe (1969) in which he destroys an office. In 1971, he returned to Hong Kong and starred in two films that broke box office records in Asia. These films were later successful in the United States as Tang Shan Da Xiong (1971) and Jing Wu Men (1972). Lee's success led him to set up a production company, and he co-produced, wrote, directed, and starred in the sequel Meng Long Guo Jiang (1972). The worldwide success of Enter the Dragon (1973) made him an international star, but he died six days before the film was released in Hong Kong. The official cause of death was cerebral edema caused by a side effect of headache medication. Lee was filming Game of Death at the time, and the film was released in 1978 after his death, using stand-ins and photographs of his face. His son Brandon also became an actor, but died during filming. (→Hong Kong Films) Lee
Lee, Sir Christopher Born: May 27, 1922, London
[Died] June 7, 2015. London. British actor. Full name Sir Christopher Frank Carandini Lee. Born to a British military officer and an Italian count, Lee enlisted in the Royal Air Force after attending Wellington College and served in World War II. He then started acting, but because of his appearance he was not immediately given roles, so he played many supporting roles, and his first leading role was in The Curse of Frankenstein (1957). This led to a collaboration with Hammer Film Productions along with frequent co-star Peter Cushing, and he perfectly embodied Count Dracula in Horror of Dracula (1958). In 1965, he appeared in The Face of Fu Manchu. He played roles that made the most of his unique appearance in The Wicker Man (1973) and The Man with the Golden Gun (1974), a James Bond film. He has also appeared in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings series, The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012), George Lucas's Star Wars series, Tim Burton's films, and Martin Scorsese's Hugo (2011). He was awarded the CBE in 2001 and knighted in 2009. Lee
Lee, Spike Born March 20, 1957 in Atlanta, Georgia. American film director and producer. Real name Shelton Jackson Lee. Known for his approach of thoroughly delving into serious themes such as racism. Born as the son of jazz composer Bill Lee, Lee grew up in a middle-class neighborhood in Brooklyn, New York. He directed his first Super 8 film while studying communications at Morehouse College in Atlanta. In 1978, he studied film at New York University's graduate school. His graduation short film Joe's Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We Cut Heads (1982) won a Student Academy Award and attracted attention. His debut feature film She's Gotta Have It (1986) was written, produced, directed, edited, and also starred in a key supporting role. It was highly praised at the Cannes Film Festival, where he was likened to Jean-Luc Godard. Since then, almost all of his films have tackled racial issues in America head-on, with the biographical film "Malcolm X" (1992) being a monumental work. However, his other works have often received mixed reviews, with some criticizing the stereotypical portrayal of Jews and women and the length of the films. He is also known for his outspoken comments, and he has criticized Hollywood for discriminating against black people when it comes to his failure to win Academy Awards for films such as "Do the Right Thing" (1989) and "Malcolm X." Lee
Lee, Ang Born October 23, 1954. A Taiwanese film director from Pingtung, Taiwan. His name is written in Chinese characters as Li An. He studied at the National Art College, and in 1978 he moved to the United States to study drama at the University of Illinois and film at New York University. His graduation project won an award, but his talents did not improve, so he made his debut in Taiwan. He co-wrote and directed three comedies about a Chinese family: Pushing Hands (1991), The Wedding Banquet (1993), and Eat Drink Man Woman (1994). These works were highly praised internationally, and he was selected to work on a film adaptation of Jane Austen's novel Sense and Sensibility. This film, Someday in a Different World (1995, nominated for seven Academy Awards), marked a turning point for him. He established his technique as a director, drawing out moving performances from his actors while speaking poor English. Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon (2000) was his first Academy Award nomination for Best Director, and he won it for Brokeback Mountain (2005). In 2013, he won another Academy Award for Best Director for Life of Pi (2012), a visual effects-packed film based on Yann Martel's novel Life of Pi. Lee
Lee, Peggy Born May 26, 1920 in Jamestown, North Dakota
[Died] January 21, 2002. Los Angeles, California. American singer, songwriter, composer, and actress. Her real name was Norma Deloris Egstrom. She sang in a choir as a high school student and appeared professionally on radio programs. In 1940, she joined the Sven Olsson Orchestra. In 1941, she joined the Benny Goodman Orchestra. In 1943, she married guitarist Dave Barber and retired. She returned in 1945, and in 1948, her song "Mañana" became a million-seller hit. She divorced in 1951. Her signature song from the 1950s was "Fever" (1958). She also co-wrote with Sonny Burke the songs "A Beautiful Night" and "La La Lu" for the Walt Disney film "Lady and the Tramp" (1955), and appeared as a voice actress. She also appeared in numerous films and television shows as an actress. She was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the 1955 film Pete Kelly's Blues. She won a Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Performance, Female, for her 1969 hit "Is That All There Is?". She recorded her final album, "Moments Like This", in 1992. Lee
Lee, Harper Born: April 28, 1926 in Monroeville, Alabama
[Died] February 19, 2016. Monroeville, Alabama. American novelist. Full name Nelle Harper Lee. Her first novel, To Kill a Mockingbird (1960), a moving depiction of life in a rural town in the American South where racial prejudice is deeply rooted, won her high praise and respect. After majoring in law at the University of Alabama and studying at Oxford University in England as a summer exchange student, she moved to New York and began writing while working as an airline reservation clerk. She then gained support and became a full-time writer, and with the help of an editor, she wrote To Kill a Mockingbird after much effort. The novel won the Pulitzer Prize in 1961, became a best-seller with over 30 million copies sold worldwide, and was made into a movie starring Gregory Peck in 1962, which also became a masterpiece in film history. However, after this great success, she did not publish any works for a long time and rarely appeared in public. In 2015, the sequel to To Kill a Mockingbird, Go Set a Watchman, which was written before the publication of To Kill a Mockingbird, was published. In 2007, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Lee
Lie, Marius Sophus Born: December 17, 1842, Nordfjord
Died: February 18, 1899, Christiania (now Oslo)
Norwegian mathematician. While studying at Christiania University (1859-65), he developed an interest in a wide range of subjects, including philology and astronomy. In the winter of 1869, he received a scholarship to study in Berlin, where he met F. Klein. The two traveled to Paris to study together, and while interacting with J. Darboux and C. Jourdan, he developed an interest in the theory of partial differential equations. In 1872, he became an assistant professor at Christiania University. In the same year, he was influenced by Klein's publication of the Erlangen Catalogue, and learned the importance of group theory to geometry. He began to study the properties of partial differential equations that are invariant under contact transformations. He succeeded Klein as a professor at the University of Leipzig (86), and soon after, with the help of the German mathematician E. Engel, he compiled his research to date in Theory of Transformation Groups (3 volumes, 88-93). This large volume was followed by The Geometry of Contact Transformations (96). In 1898, he returned to his homeland and taught at Christiania University. Lee
Lie, Jonas Born: 6 November 1833, Modum
[Died] July 5, 1908, Stavern Norwegian novelist. He aspired to become a naval officer, but gave up due to his nearsightedness. He met Ibsen and Björnson while studying at a preparatory school for the university entrance exam. His debut work was Den fremsynte (1870), which was based on his hometown in Nordland. He wrote many masterpieces thereafter and became a representative of the Norwegian novel scene. His early maritime masterpieces include Tremasteren "Fremtiden" (72), Lotsen og hans hustru (The Pilot and His Wife) (74), and Gåpå! (82). He then began to prefer depicting rural families, starting with Livsslaven (Slaves of Life) (83). His representative works are "Gilje's Family" (83) and "The Commander's Daughters" (86). In his later years he published a two-volume collection of fairy tales, "Ghosts" (91, 92). Lee
Lie, Trygve Halvdan Born: July 16, 1896 in Oslo
[Died] December 30, 1968. Jarrow. Norwegian politician. Graduated from the University of Oslo. Secretary of the Norwegian Labour Party (1919-22), legal advisor (22-25), member of parliament (35), Minister of Justice (35-39), Minister of Commerce (39-40), and foreign minister of the Norwegian government in exile in London during World War II (41). After returning to Norway, he became foreign minister again, attended the San Francisco Conference and the first United Nations General Assembly, and was elected the first Secretary-General of the United Nations. As Secretary-General, he worked to establish the political authority of the United Nations on the Iranian and Palestinian issues, proposed the 20-year peace plan, and dispatched peace missions to major powers, laying the foundation for the United Nations as a peacekeeping organization. He was criticized by socialist countries for his handling of the Korean War, and resigned as Secretary-General (53). He subsequently served as Norway's special ambassador and Minister of Industry. Main author: "In the Cause of Peace: Seven Years with the United Nations" (54). Lee
Lea, Homer Born November 17, 1876 in Denver, Colorado.
[Died] November 1, 1912. Los Angeles. An American soldier. He served as a military advisor to Sun Yat-sen to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, and introduced the truth of the early Chinese revolution to the world through many books. He graduated from Occidental College in Los Angeles and Stanford University Law School. He was interested in military affairs since his student days, but was unable to join the US military due to a spinal injury, so in 1899 he traveled to China and became a military advisor to Kang Youwei. He suppressed the Boxer Rebellion, but joined a conspiracy to overthrow the Qing Dynasty, which was discovered and he fled to Hong Kong. There he became acquainted with Sun Yat-sen, and together they went to Japan, where he served as chief of staff for Sun Yat-sen's anti-Qing revolutionary army. His books include The Vermilion Pencil (1908) and The Valor of Ignorance (09). He is also famous for accurately predicting the outbreak of war between the US and Japan during a visit to Hawaii 30 years before the Pacific War. Lee
Lee, Robert Edward Born January 19, 1807 in Stratford, Virginia, USA.
Died: October 12, 1870. Lexington, Virginia, U.S.A. American soldier and educator. An outstanding Confederate general in the Civil War. Graduated from the United States Military Academy in 1829. Served in the Mexican-American War. Served as principal of the United States Military Academy in 1852. Served in the Texas garrison from 1856 to 1857 and from 1860 to 1861. In 1859, he led the suppression of J. Brown's rebellion at Harper's Ferry. With the outbreak of the Civil War, he retired from the federal army and took command of the Virginia National Guard, his hometown. From 1861 to 1862, he was a military advisor to Confederate President J. Davis, and in 1862, he became a military commander and fought in various places, leading the inferior Confederate army and fighting well. In February 1865, he became commander-in-chief of the Confederate Army, but in April of the same year, he surrendered to Union commander-in-chief U. Grant at Appomattox Court House. From 1865 to 1870, he devoted himself to education as president of the University of Washington. The university was renamed Washington and Lee University in his honor. Lee
Lee, David M. Born January 20, 1931. American physicist from New York. Full name: David Morris Lee. Received his PhD from Yale University in 1959. After working as a professor at the University of California, he became a professor at Cornell University. In the early 1970s, together with Robert C. Richardson and Douglas D. Osheroff, he confirmed that helium-3 becomes superfluid at an extremely low temperature of 0.002 K in the low-temperature laboratory at Cornell University (→Superfluid helium-3). The liquid helium in the container lost its viscosity and naturally climbed the wall and flowed out. Superfluidity in helium-4 had already been discovered in the 1930s, but the mechanism of the phenomenon discovered by the three researchers in helium-3 is completely different. In 1996, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics along with Richardson and Osheroff for his achievements in establishing the foundation of statistical thermodynamics and paving the way for high-temperature superconductivity. Lee
Lee, Sir Sidney Born: December 5, 1859, London
[Died] March 3, 1926, London. British literary scholar. Studied at Oxford University. Participated in the editing of the Dictionary of National Biography, and succeeded L. Stephen as editor-in-chief in 1891. Published many biographies, including Life of William Shakespeare (1898) and Life of Queen Victoria (1902), as well as research on the Elizabethan period. Also published a facsimile edition of Shakespeare's First Folio (02). Lee
Lee, Arthur Born December 21, 1740 in Westmoreland, Virginia
Died December 12, 1792. Middlesex, Virginia. American diplomat and politician. During the American War of Independence, he campaigned in Europe for recognition and support for American independence. He was a physician, but studied law and became a lawyer in 1775. In 1776, he was appointed as an envoy to France by the Continental Congress along with B. Franklin and S. Dean, and worked to secure an alliance with France. However, he had a falling out with the other representatives, and was dismissed along with Dean before the treaty was concluded, and returned to his home country. He was elected to the Virginia Assembly in 1781, and served as a delegate to the Confederation Congress (Continental Congress) from 1782 to 1784. Lee
Leigh, Vivien Born: November 5, 1913, Darjeeling
[Died] July 8, 1967. London. British actress. Married L. Olivier in 1937 (later divorced). Notable stage roles include Ophelia in Elsinore (37), Blanche in T. Williams' A Streetcar Named Desire (49), and Cleopatra in GB Shaw's Caesar and Cleopatra (51) and Shakespeare's Antony and Cleopatra (51), both with Olivier. She also appeared in many films, winning Academy Awards for Best Actress for Gone with the Wind (39) and A Streetcar Named Desire (51). Lee
Lee, Yuan Tseh Born November 29, 1936 in Hsinchu, Taiwan. American chemist. Chinese name: Li Yuan Tse. After studying in Taiwan, he obtained his PhD at the University of California, Berkeley in 1965, and returned to Berkeley after graduating from the University of Chicago (1968-1974). He became a naturalized citizen in 1974. At the same university, together with DR Hirschbach, he improved the molecular beam crossing method developed in particle physics, enhancing its performance and applying it to chemical reaction experiments. He developed a method for precisely observing chemical reactions of molecules colliding at high speeds. Together with Hirschbach and JC Polanyi, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1986. Lee
Lee, Arthur Hamilton, 1st Viscount Lee of Fareham Born: November 8, 1868 in Dorsetshire
Died: July 21, 1947. Gloucestershire. British politician. Joined the army in 1888, and served as a professor of military science in Canada from 1893 to 1898. Elected to the House of Commons as a Conservative member in 1900, and created a baron in 1918. Minister of Agriculture from 1919 to 1921, and Minister for the Navy from 1921 to 1922. Created a viscount for his achievements at the Washington Conference. As an art lover, he worked hard to establish the London Institute of Art, and donated his estate in Buckinghamshire and his private home, Chequers, as a summer residence for the Prime Minister. Lee
Lee, Gypsy Rose Born: January 9, 1914, Seattle
[Died] April 26, 1970, Los Angeles. American actress. Real name Rose Louise Hovick. She began performing on the vaudeville stage at the age of six, and appeared in the Ziegfeld Follies and many other revues and burlesques. She was also popular as a strip teaser. The musical Gypsy (1959), with a book by A. Laurents and music by J. Stein, is based on her autobiography and depicts half of her life. Lee
Lee, Charles Born 1731. Darnhall, Cheshire
[Died] October 2, 1782.
British-born American soldier. After participating in the French and Indian War, he moved to Virginia. He became a major general in the American Revolutionary Army. He was captured by the British in December 1776, during which time he secretly submitted a plan to destroy the American army to the British commander. After his release, he rejoined the army, but disobeyed the orders of George Washington. He was found guilty at a military tribunal in the summer of 1778 and discharged in 1780. Lee
Lee, Jason Born: June 28, 1803, Stansted, Quebec
Died March 12, 1845, Stanstead, Quebec. American Methodist minister and Oregon pioneer. He traveled to Oregon in 1833 with N. Wyeth's second expedition to evangelize the Flathead Indians. Except for 1838-1840, he was involved in missionary and educational activities until 1844, and also contributed to the establishment of the Oregon Territorial Government. Lee
Lee, Nathaniel Born: Around 1653, London
[Died] May 1692, London. British playwright. Studied at Cambridge University. He initially aspired to be an actor, but later became a tragic playwright. He excelled in heroic tragedies typical of the Restoration period, and is known for his works dealing with classical subjects, such as Nero (1674) and The Rival Queens (77). In his later years, he went insane and lived a miserable life. Lee
Lee, Francis Lightfoot Born October 14, 1734 in Stratford, Virginia
Died January 11, 1797. Born in Stratford, Virginia. A politician during the American Revolution. Member of the Virginia Provincial Assembly from 1758 to 1776. Delegate to the Continental Congress from 1775 to 1779, and signed the Declaration of Independence with his brother, Richard Henry Lee. One of the members of the committee that drafted the Articles of Confederation. Lee
Leigh Wigan is a town in the Greater Manchester region of the United Kingdom, in the north-central part of England. It was an independent city until 1974. It is located about 20 km west of Manchester, along the Leeds and Liverpool Canal. It is located in the South Lancashire coalfields, and its main industries were once coal mining and cotton manufacturing, but today it is mainly machinery manufacturing. Lee
Lee, Laurie Born: 26 June 1914, Stroud, Gloucestershire
Died: May 14, 1997, Gloucestershire. British poet. In addition to simple works that sing of rural nature and quiet life, she also wrote an autobiography, Cider with Rosie (1959). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
