Lalande, André

Japanese: ラランド(英語表記)Lalande, André
Lalande, André
Born: July 19, 1867 in Dijon
[Died] November 15, 1963. Asnière French rationalist philosopher. Known as the editor of the philosophical dictionary "Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie" (1902-23). ​​Professor at the Sorbonne from 1904 to 1937, and at the Fuad I University in Cairo from 1937 to 1940. Member of the Academie des Morals in 1922, and the Royal Academie de Belgium in 1945. Opposed the theory of evolution, he argued that intellectual, moral, and social progress lies in the dissolution that discovers more similarities among diverse phenomena and homogenizes what is different. He also emphasized the role of constructive reason, which governs value judgments, in contrast to constructed reason, which is the principle of common sense. His main work is L'Idée de la dissolution opposée à celle de l'evolution (1899).

Lalande
Lalande, Joseph-Jérôme Le Français de

Born: July 11, 1732, Burgundy
Died April 4, 1807. French astronomer in Paris. He had been interested in astronomy since he was studying law in Paris, and in 1751 he went to Berlin to observe the moon. By combining this with observations made at the same time by N. Lacaille in Cape Town, he contributed to the precise determination of the distance to the moon. This led to him becoming a member of the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He later became a professor of astronomy at the Collège de France (1762). He developed A. Clairaut's theory of the three-body problem and contributed to the advancement of planetary theory. He also worked to encourage and popularize astronomy research, such as by establishing the Lalande Prize (1802). His books were translated into Dutch and brought to Japan during the country's isolation, where they influenced Japanese astronomy. His main work is Traité d'astronomie (1764).

Lalande
Lalande(Delalande), Michel-Richard de

Born: December 15, 1657 in Paris
[Died] June 18, 1726. French composer from Versailles. He studied music as a choir member at the Saint-Germain-l'Auxerrois Church, and served as organist at four cathedrals in Paris. He served as music teacher to the princesses of Louis XIV, and in 1683 he became conductor at the court chapel, and in 1704 he became head of religious music and chamber music at the court. He was one of the most important composers of the Versailles school. He left behind many motets, cantatas, ballet music, and chamber music.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1867.7.19. ディジョン
[没]1963.11.15. アスニエール
フランスの合理主義哲学者。哲学用語辞典"Vocabulaire technique et critique de la philosophie" (1902~23) の編者として著名。 1904~37年ソルボンヌ,37~40年カイロのフアード1世各大学教授。 22年道徳学アカデミー,45年ベルギー王立アカデミー会員。進化論に反対し,知的,道徳的,社会的進歩は多様な現象のなかにより多くの類似性を発見し,異質を同質化していく解体に存するとした。また常識の原理となる構成された理性に対して,価値判断を司る構成する理性の役割を強調した。主著は『進化の指導理念に対する解体の指導理念』L'Idée de la dissolution opposée à celle de l'évolution (1899) 。

ラランド
Lalande, Joseph-Jérôme Le Français de

[生]1732.7.11. ブルジャンブレッス
[没]1807.4.4. パリ
フランスの天文学者。パリで法律を学んでいた当時から天文学に興味をもち,1751年ベルリンにおもむいて月の観測にあたった。これは同時になされたケープタウンにおける N.ラカイユの観測値と合せることによって月までの距離の精密決定に寄与した。これによりベルリン科学アカデミー会員。のちコレージュ・ド・フランスの天文学教授 (1762) 。 A.クレローの三体問題の理論を発展させ,惑星理論の進歩に貢献。ラランド賞を設ける (1802) など,天文学の研究奨励・普及にも努めた。彼の書物はオランダ語に訳され,鎖国下の日本に持込まれて日本の天文学に影響を与えた。主著『天文学概論』 Traité d'astronomie (1764) 。

ラランド
Lalande(Delalande), Michel-Richard de

[生]1657.12.15. パリ
[没]1726.6.18. ベルサイユ
フランスの作曲家。サンジェルマン・ロセロア聖堂の合唱隊員として音楽を学び,パリの4つの聖堂のオルガン奏者を歴任。ルイ 14世の王女たちの音楽教師をつとめ,1683年宮廷礼拝堂の楽長,1704年宮廷の宗教音楽,室内楽の責任者となった。ベルサイユ楽派の最も重要な作曲家の一人。多くのモテト,カンタータ,バレエ音楽,室内楽曲などを残した。

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