Allomorph

Japanese: allomorph
Allomorph

…In this way, morphemes can take different forms depending on where they appear. This is called allomorphism. In other words, the morpheme {hako} is extracted to represent the allomorphs /hako/ and /bako/, which are expressed as a sequence of phonemes, and is usually expressed in { }.

From [Morphology]

…The counters /pai//hai//bai/, which are derived from the counting system of ippai, nihai, sanbai, have different forms, but /pai/ is attached to the numeral 1, /hai/ to the numeral 2, and /bai/ to the numeral 3, and they occupy complementary positions. In this complementary distribution, these three allomorphs belong to the same morpheme {hai} (cup). (d) In English verb conjugation, the past allomorph /t/ is derived from the past tense worked/wərk‐t/ of the present tense work/wərk/ (to work). …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "allomorph" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…このように形態素は現れる場所により異なる語形をとることがある。これを異形態allomorphという。すなわち,音素の連続で表される異形態/hako/と/bako/を代表して抽出されたものが形態素{hako}であって,普通は{ }にくくって表される。…

【形態論】より

…〈イッパイ,ニハイ,サンバイ〉という数え方から取り出される助数詞の/pai//hai//bai/は異なる形をしているが,/pai/は数詞1,/hai/が2,/bai/が3に接合して相補う位置を占めている。このように相補的分布をなす場合,これら三つの異形態allomorphは同じ形態素{hai}〈杯〉に所属する。(d)英語の動詞変化において,現在形のwork/wərk/〈働く〉の過去形worked/wərk‐t/から過去の異形態/t/が取り出される。…

※「allomorph」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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