Actinium

Japanese: アクチニウム
Actinium

Ac. Atomic number 89. Electron configuration [Rn]6d 1 7s 2. It is an actinide element in group 3 of the periodic table. Its name comes from the Greek ακτινοσ, meaning "ray of light". It was discovered in uranium ore by A. Debierne in 1899 and F. Giesel in 1902. There are currently 35 known isotope species, including isomers, in the range of 206 to 236. The nuclide with mass number 227 is the longest-lived, with a half-life of 21.77 y. It mainly undergoes β decay to 227 Th. In nature, this nuclide is found in the middle of the actinium series starting with 235 U. In the thorium series, there is also a β-decay nuclide 228 Ac with a half-life of 6.15 h. The elemental form can be obtained by reducing the fluoride AcF 3 with Li vapor at a high temperature of over 1100 °C. It is a silvery-white metal. Density 10.07 g mL -1 . Melting point 1050 °C, boiling point 3200 °C. First ionization energy 498.7 kJ mol -1 (5.17 eV). Chemical properties are similar to those of the rare earth elements, especially lanthanum, but more basic. Oxidation state 3. [CAS 7440-34-8]

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

Ac.原子番号89の元素.電子配置[Rn]6d17s2の周期表3族アクチノイド元素.ギリシア語の“光線”を意味するακτινοσから名づけられた.1899年,A. Debierne,1902年,F. Gieselによりウラン鉱石中から独立に発見された.現在,知られている同位体核種は,206~236の範囲に核異性体を含めて35種.質量数227の核種がもっとも長寿命で半減期21.77 y.主としてβ崩壊して227Thになる.天然には,この核種が235Uからはじまるアクチニウム系列の中間に存在する.トリウム系列中にも半減期6.15 h のβ崩壊核種228Acが存在する.単体は,フッ化物AcF3を1100 ℃ 以上の高温でLi蒸気で還元すると得られる.銀白色の金属.密度10.07 g mL-1.融点1050 ℃,沸点3200 ℃.第一イオン化エネルギー498.7 kJ mol-1(5.17 eV).化学的性質は希土類元素,とくにランタンに似るが,より塩基性である.酸化数3.[CAS 7440-34-8]

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