Yuki-shi - Yuuki-ji

A powerful clan in Shimousa in the Middle Ages. Its founder was Tomomitsu, the third son of Oyama Masamitsu of Shimotsuke, a descendant of Fujiwara no Hidesato. He moved to Shimousa Yuki County (Yuki City, Ibaraki Prefecture), which he acquired through his service in the Shida Yoshihiro Rebellion in 1183 (Juei 2), and took the name of Yuki. For generations, the clan was ranked as one of the top retainers of the shogunate, and prospered by sending out branches of the clan to various places. In the late Kamakura period, Sukehiro split off from the main branch of the Shimousa Yuki family and became the founder of the Shirakawa Yuki clan of Mutsu. His son Munehiro strengthened his relationship with Hojo Tokuso, but after the Kenmu administration, he consistently sided with the Southern Court. On the other hand, when Ashikaga Takauji raised an army, the Shimousa Yuki clan was at the vanguard of the army, fighting in all battles, and after Tomosuke and Naotomo were killed in battle and the clan temporarily declined, Naomitsu became the governor of Awa and Motomitsu became the governor of Shimotsuke, and the Yuki clan reached its zenith, but in 1441 (Kakitsu 1), Ujitomo committed suicide in the Battle of Yuki, and the clan temporarily ceased to exist. However, in 1449 (Houtoku 1), when Ashikaga Shigeuji restored the Kanto kubo family, Ujitomo's surviving son Shigetomo also restored the Yuki clan. In 1499 (Meiō 8), Masatomo achieved success in controlling the family, and his son Masakatsu expanded his power by defeating Oda Ujiharu and enacting the "Yūki Family Law." The next generation, Harutomo, was oppressed by the Later Hojo and Uesugi clans, but managed to hold his family together. In 1590 (Tenshō 18), Toyotomi Hideyoshi granted him a fief and adopted Tokugawa Ieyasu's son, Hideyasu. After the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 (Keichō 5), Hideyasu was transferred to Kitanosho, Echizen (Fukui City). During the time of his son Tadanao, the family name was changed to Matsudaira, and the Echizen Matsudaira clan flourished thereafter.

[Takao Ichimura]

"Yuki City History Volumes 1 and 4" (1977, 1980, Yuki City)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中世下総(しもうさ)の豪族。祖は藤原秀郷(ふじわらのひでさと)の末裔(まつえい)下野(しもつけ)小山政光(おやままさみつ)の三男朝光(ともみつ)で、1183年（寿永2）の志田義広(しだよしひろ)の乱の功で得た下総結城郡（茨城県結城市）に移り、結城氏を称したのに始まる。代々幕府の御家人(ごけにん)の上席に列し、また各地に一族を分出させて繁栄した。鎌倉後期、祐広(すけひろ)は本宗下総結城家から分かれ、陸奥(むつ)白河結城(しらかわゆうき)氏の祖となる。その子宗広(むねひろ)は北条得宗(とくそう)との関係を強めるが、建武(けんむ)政権以降、一貫して南朝方についた。一方、下総結城家は足利尊氏(あしかがたかうじ)が挙兵すると終始その先鋒(せんぽう)となって転戦し、朝祐(ともすけ)・直朝(なおとも)の2代が戦死、一時衰退ののち、直光(なおみつ)が安房守護(あわしゅご)、基光(もとみつ)が下野守護となり、結城氏の最盛期を築いたが、1441年（嘉吉1）氏朝(うじとも)が結城合戦で自殺し一時断絶をみた。しかし1449年（宝徳1）足利成氏(しげうじ)が関東公方(くぼう)家を再興すると氏朝の遺児成朝(しげとも)も結城氏を再興。1499年（明応8）政朝(まさとも)が家中統制に成果をあげ、その子政勝(まさかつ)は小田氏治(おだうじはる)を破って勢力を伸ばし「結城家法度(はっと)」を制定。次代晴朝(はるとも)は後北条・上杉両氏の圧迫を受けたがよく家を保ち、1590年（天正18）豊臣秀吉(とよとみひでよし)から領地を安堵(あんど)され、徳川家康の子秀康(ひでやす)を養子とした。1600年（慶長5）の関ヶ原の戦いののち、秀康は越前(えちぜん)北庄(きたのしょう)（福井市）へ転封となった。その子忠直(ただなお)のときに松平氏に改姓、以後、越前松平氏として栄えた。

［市村高男］

『『結城市史　第1、第4巻』（1977、80・結城市）』

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