Kazutoyo Yamauchi

Japanese: 山内一豊 - やまうち・かずとよ

Year of death: September 20, 1605 (November 1, 1605)
Year of birth: Tenbun 15 (1546)
A military commander in the Azuchi-Momoyama and early Edo periods. His family name is also "Yamanouchi." He was the son of Yamauchi Moritoyo, lord of Kuroda Castle in Owari and chief retainer of Oda Ise-no-kami, the guardian of the four upper districts of Owari. He was commonly known as Iemon (also written as Iyemon). After the Oda Ise-no-kami family was destroyed by Nobunaga, he wandered around for a while before serving Nobunaga, and participated in the siege of Echizen Kanegasaki Castle and the Battle of Anegawa in 1570. The story of him buying a fine horse with his wife Matsu's (also known as Chiyo, later Kenshoin) secret savings may have been from around this time. However, this anecdote does not appear to be in any good historical sources. He began serving Toyotomi Hideyoshi when Hideyoshi held the northern Omi domain, and in 1573 he was given 400 koku in the Chinese province of Nagahama in Omi. In the 5th year of the same year, Hideyoshi granted him a fief in Harima, giving him over 2,000 koku there, and in the 10th year, he became a member of Hideyoshi's horsemen, wearing yellow robes. In June of the 13th year, he was given 19,800 koku at Takahama Castle in Wakasa, and then in August of the same year, he was given 20,000 koku at Nagahama Castle in Omi. He also became the governor of the Toyotomi family's direct territories, which had 10,000 koku, and was appointed as a Junior Fifth Rank and Tsushima no Kami. After the siege of Odawara in the 18th year, he became the lord of Kakegawa Castle in Totomi with a fief of 50,000 koku, surveyed the new fief, and built the new Kakegawa Castle and castle town. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the Eastern Army, and followed Tokugawa Ieyasu's attack on Aizu. At a military council in Oyama, Shimotsuke, he said, "I will present Kakegawa Castle and the military supplies within the castle to Ieyasu," which made Ieyasu happy, and he actually presented the castle to him. He also provided a secret letter from his wife detailing the hostage policy of the Osaka side, and after the battle, he was promoted to 200,000 koku in the Tosa province, became the lord of Kochi Castle, and became the founder of the Tosa clan.

(Tetsuo Owada)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：慶長10.9.20(1605.11.1)
生年：天文15(1546)
安土桃山・江戸前期の武将。姓は「やまのうち」ともいう。尾張上4郡守護代織田伊勢守の家老である尾張黒田城主山内盛豊の子。通称は猪右衛門(伊右衛門とも書く)。織田伊勢守家が信長によって滅ぼされたあと,しばらく浪々ののち信長に仕えることになり,元亀1(1570)年の越前金ケ崎城攻め,姉川の戦に従軍する。妻のまつ(千代とも。のち見性院)のへそくりによって名馬を買ったとするエピソードはそのころのことか。ただし,この逸話は良質の史料にはみえない。豊臣秀吉の北近江領有のころから秀吉に仕えるようになり,天正1(1573)年には近江長浜の唐国で400石を与えられる。同5年,秀吉が播磨にも所領を与えられると同地で2000石余となり,同10年には秀吉の馬廻衆として黄母衣衆となった。同13年6月,若狭高浜城1万9800石,次いで同年閏8月,近江長浜城2万石となり,ほかに1万石の豊臣家直轄領の代官となり,また従五位下・対馬守に叙任された。同18年の小田原攻めののち,遠江掛川城主5万石となり,新領地の検地および新しい掛川城と城下町を造った。慶長5(1600)年の関ケ原の戦には東軍に属し,徳川家康の会津攻めに従い,下野小山の軍評定の場で「掛川城と城内の兵糧を家康殿に献上する」と発言して家康をよろこばせ,実際,城を差しだしている。また妻からの大坂方の人質政策などを記した密書を提供し,戦いののち,土佐一国20万石に栄転し高知城主となり,土佐藩祖となった。<参考文献>山本大『山内一豊』

(小和田哲男)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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