One of the new zaibatsu that emerged in the early Showa period. Mori Nobuteru, with the assistance of Suzuki Saburosuke of Ajinomoto, founded two companies, Nippon Iodine (renamed Nippon Electric Industries in 1934) in 1926 (Taisho 15) and Showa Fertilizer in 1928 (Showa 3). The former was the first company in Japan to produce aluminum domestically, and the latter succeeded in producing synthetic ammonia using domestic technology and equipment. After that, they deployed an expansion strategy centering on these two companies, and by around 1937, they had formed a corporate group centered on electrochemical and metallurgical industries with 20 companies under the umbrella of the holding company Mori Kogyo, with a total paid-in capital of 141.99 million yen. However, they had weak financial resources, and as the wartime regime progressed, they abandoned management rights of the raw materials division, such as Toshin Denki and Showa Mining, and lost their substance as a conglomerate. Today, surviving companies within the group include Showa Denko, which was formed in 1939 through the merger of Nippon Electric Industry and Showa Fertilizer, and Nippon Yakin Kogyo. [Masaru Udagawa] "The 50-Year History of Showa Denko" (1977, Showa Denko) ▽ "A Study of the History of the Establishment of Showa Denko" by Shoichi Asashima and Takeshi Oshio (1997, Nihon Keizai Hyoronsha) [Reference item] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
昭和初年に台頭した新興財閥の一つ。森矗昶(のぶてる)が「味の素(もと)」の鈴木三郎助の援助を受けて、1926年(大正15)日本沃度(ようど)(1934年日本電気工業と改称)、1928年(昭和3)昭和肥料の二社を設立したのが発端。前者で日本最初のアルミニウム国産化、また後者で国産技術・設備を使用しての合成アンモニア生産に成功する。以後、両社を中心に拡大戦略を展開し、1937年ごろまでに持株会社森興業の傘下に20社、その払込資本金総額1億4199万円の電気化学、冶金(やきん)工業中心の企業集団を形成した。だが資金力が弱く、戦時体制の進展のなかで原料部門の東信電気、昭和鉱業などの経営権を放棄し、コンツェルンとしての実体を喪失した。今日、同コンツェルン系企業として現存している会社に、1939年に日本電気工業と昭和肥料の合併によって誕生した昭和電工や日本冶金工業がある。 [宇田川勝] 『『昭和電工五十年史』(1977・昭和電工)』▽『麻島昭一・大塩武著『昭和電工成立史の研究』(1997・日本経済評論社)』 [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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