Station - Umaya

Japanese: 駅家 - うまや

Under the Ritsuryo system, these facilities came under the jurisdiction of the kokushi (provincial governors), provided horses for post messengers, and provided riding for officials carrying post bells, and provided lodging and food for them. They were first established during the Taika Reforms, and were further developed during the Taiho Code. Stations were established about every 30 ri (→ ri) on various roads, with a stationmaster and a postgirl, and were funded by the people of the post household. The source of income for a post household was the station fields, and the rice obtained from these fields was called "station rice." A postgirl was a household belonging to a post household, and there were differences depending on the size of the post road. In accordance with the duties of the post household, such as cultivating the station fields and raising the post horses, the stationmaster was exempt from paying taxes, labor, and miscellaneous labor, and the postgirl was exempt from miscellaneous labor, and in special post households, the stationmaster was exempt from paying taxes and labor. However, the burden was heavier than that of the official household, and many ran away.

Station house

A district in the southeastern part of Hiroshima Prefecture, in the northern part of Fukuyama City. Former town name. Incorporated into Fukuyama City in 1975. Centered on the plains of the midstream of the Ashida River, it extends to the Kibi Plateau in the north, and in ancient times was the site of a post station on the Sanyo Road. The plains are a grain-producing region, mainly producing rice. Hattori in the north is a farming village at the foot of Mount Hebimaru (546m), where textile industries such as kasuri are carried out. Housing complexes have been built in the west, and urbanization is progressing.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

令制において，国司の管轄に属し，駅馬をおいて，駅使の往来，駅鈴をもつ官人の乗用に供し，その宿所と食糧を提供する施設。大化改新によって初めて設置され，大宝令にいたって整備された。諸道におよそ 30里 (→里 ) ごとに設けられ，駅長，駅子があり，駅戸の民をもってこれにあてた。駅家の財源は駅田で，そこから得た稲を駅稲という。駅戸は駅家に属する戸で，駅路の大小により差があり，駅田の耕作，駅馬の飼養などの駅務に従い，駅長は調，庸，雑徭を免じられ，駅子は雑徭を免じられ，特殊な駅家では調，庸も免じられた。しかし，公戸に比べて負担が重く，逃亡するものが多かった。

駅家
えきや

広島県南東部，福山市北部の地区。旧町名。 1975年福山市に編入。芦田川中流域の平野を中心に，北は吉備高原に及び，古代，山陽道の宿駅がおかれた。平野は米を主体とした穀倉地域。北部の服部 (はっとり) は，蛇円山 (546m) のふもとに開ける農村で，絣など織物工業が行われる。西部に住宅団地ができ，都市化が進んでいる。

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