Murakushi-so

Japanese: 村櫛荘 - むらくしのしょう

A medieval manor in Totomi Province. It is identified with the eastern shore of Lake Hamana in present-day Hamamatsu City, Shizuoka Prefecture. According to the draft list of the Saishoko-in manors from 1325 (Toji Hyakugo documents), Hojo Shigetoki was originally the lord, and the annual tax was 100 koku. At that time, it was the domain of Saishoko-in (present-day Higashiyama Ward, Kyoto City). In 1326, Emperor Godaigo donated Saishoko-in to Toji Temple in Kyoto, and Murakushi Manor became the domain of Toji Temple. Therefore, the head family position was held by Toji Temple, and the lord position was acquired by the Tokudaiji family during the Nanboku-cho period. On the other hand, the position of land steward was acquired by the Saito clan, and in 1352, they donated two-thirds of it to Tenryu-ji Temple in Kyoto, but Tenryu-ji was in effect a lord rather than a land steward. Thus, the governance of Murakushi Manor was complicated, with the head family, lord, and land steward all intertwined in a multi-layered manner. Although some taxes were collected during the Muromachi period, the manor gradually became a mere formality, and by the time of the Onin War and Bunmei War, it had lost its substance as a manor.

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

遠江国にあった中世の荘園。現在の静岡県浜松市の浜名湖東岸に比定される。正中２年（1325年）の最勝光(さいしょうこう)院領荘園目録案（東寺百合(ひゃくごう)文書）によると，もとは北条重時が領家(りょうけ)で，本年貢は100石，この当時は最勝光院（現京都市東山区）領であった。1326年後醍醐(ごだいご)天皇が最勝光院を京都東寺に寄進，そのため村櫛荘は東寺領となった。したがって本家職(ほんけしき)は東寺が保持しており，領家職は南北朝期に徳大寺家が取得していた。一方，地頭職は斎藤氏が獲得しており，1352年にその３分の２を京都天竜寺に寄進しているが，天竜寺は地頭というより，実質的には領家としての存在であった。このように村櫛荘の支配は，本家−領家−地頭が重層的にからみあった複雑な様相を呈していた。室町期の年貢は一部確保されていたが，しだいに形骸化し，応仁(おうにん)・文明の乱の頃には荘園としての実体が失われた。→職

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