Incapacitated person - munouyokusha

Japanese: 無能力者 - むのうりょくしゃ

A person who cannot perform a legal act completely on his/her own. Also called a person without capacity to act. In 1999, the term was changed to "person with limited capacity" in the Civil Code. In the Civil Code, minors, persons under legal incompetence, and persons under legal incompetence (the latter two were renamed adult wards and guardians under guardianship in the 1999 legal reform) are considered persons with limited capacity. This was established to protect people with insufficient mental capacity from suffering losses due to disadvantageous acts. In principle, legal acts performed by a person with limited capacity alone can be revoked, and are invalid if the person does not have mental capacity (Article 4 and following of the Civil Code). A person with limited capacity is assigned a protective institution (parent, guardian, or guardian). In addition, in the procedural law, "person without capacity" refers to a person who does not have the capacity to perform procedural acts, and the capacity to act under the Civil Procedural Law conforms to the capacity to act under the Civil Law, and in the Criminal Procedural Law, it refers to a person without mental capacity.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

単独で完全な法律行為をなし得ない者。行為無能力者とも。1999年の法改正により，民法上は〈制限能力者〉という用語に改められた。民法は未成年者・禁治産者・準禁治産者（1999年の法改正により，後の２者は成年被後見人，被保佐人と改称）を制限能力者とする。意思能力の不十分な者が不利益な行為によって損失を受けないように保護するために設けられた。制限能力者が単独でした法律行為は原則として取り消すことができ，意思能力もない場合には無効となる（民法４条以下）。制限能力者には保護の機関（親権者，後見人，保佐人）がつけられる。なお，訴訟法上は，〈無能力者〉は訴訟行為を行う能力がない者をさし，民事訴訟法上の行為能力は民法上の行為能力に準拠しており，また刑事訴訟法上は意思能力がない者をいう。
→関連項目制限能力者

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