Ground moraine

Japanese: ground moraine(英語表記)groundmoraine
Ground moraine

...these are rounded elevations of less than a few tens of meters in height, stretching parallel to the direction of glacier flow for hundreds of meters or even kilometers. The debris deposited at the base of a glacier is generally called a ground moraine, and creates a wavy topography with small undulating reliefs parallel to (or sometimes perpendicular to) the direction of glacier flow. The advancing glacier also pushes the deposits on its front and sides like a bulldozer, creating a moraine ridge that borders the edge of the glacier tongue.

From [Moraine]

The term "ground moraine" is used to describe the debris produced by the glacier's action of scraping and eroding the ice. ...

*Some of the terminology that mentions "ground moraine" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…これは高さ数十m以下の丸みを帯びた高まりで,氷河が流動していた方向に平行に細長く数百mないし数kmも延びている。一般に氷河の底面で堆積した岩屑物をグランド・モレーンground moraine(底モレーン,底堆石)といい,氷河の流動方向に平行(まれには直交)した波状の小さな起伏の地形をつくる。 また前進する氷河はブルドーザーのように,前面や側面の堆積物を押して氷舌端を縁取るようにモレーンの堤防状の高まり,すなわちモレーン丘moraine ridge(堆石堤)をつくる。…

【モレーン】より

…運搬途上の岩屑に対しても使用される。氷河底には氷河のもぎ取り,削磨の作用によって生産された岩屑が挟まれて運搬され,あるいは堆積しているが,これをグランド・モレーンground moraine(底モレーン,底堆石)という。谷氷河の場合に側壁に沿って運ばれるのを側方モレーンlateral moraine(側堆石)と呼び,氷河が合流して側方モレーンの一方が合流した氷河の中央に位置しつつ運ばれるのを中央モレーンmedial moraine(中堆石)という。…

※「ground moraine」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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