Mycenaean civilization - Mycenaean civilization

Japanese: ミュケナイ文明 - ミュケナイぶんめい
Mycenaean civilization - Mycenaean civilization
A late Aegean Bronze Age civilization that flourished in Mycenae, a fortified area surrounded by mountains in the Argos region of the Peloponnese, Greece. It was established by Greeks who moved south around 2000 BC, absorbing the Minoan (Cretan) civilization. Around 1500 BC, they oppressed the Cretans and seized maritime trade rights in the eastern Mediterranean, becoming the most powerful force in the Aegean world, and the kingdoms of Mycenae, Tiryns, Pylos, and Orchomenos emerged. The Mycenae acropolis hill was surrounded by a megalithic wall, the main gate of which was called the Lion Gate. A fortress of independent buildings was built around the megaron. Its existence was known through legends such as Agamemnon and Atreus, but in 1876, Schliemann excavated a pit tomb in Mycenae, where a gold mask, ornaments, swords, etc. were discovered. Its heyday was around 1600-1100 BC, but it was destroyed in the confusion caused by the invasion of the Dorians. Linear B (also called Mycenaean script; see Cretan script) was discovered by Ventris to be an ancient Greek language. The ruins of Mycenae and Tiryns were registered as a World Heritage Site in 1999.
Related topics: Achaeans | Greece (Ancient) | Thebes | Paphos | Mycenaean writings

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
ギリシア,ペロポネソス半島のアルゴリス地方の山に囲まれた要害の地ミュケナイを中心に栄えたエーゲ文明後期の青銅器文明。前2000年ころ南下したギリシア人がミノス文明(クレタ文明)を吸収して築いた。前1500年ころクレタ人を圧迫して東地中海の海上交易権を掌握,エーゲ海世界で最大勢力となり,ミュケナイ,ティリュンス,ピュロス,オルコメノスなどの諸王国が出現。ミュケナイのアクロポリスの丘は巨石の城壁で囲まれ,その主門は獅子門と呼ばれる。メガロンを中心に独立の建物の集まった城塞を築いた。アガメムノン,アトレウスなどの伝説によってその存在を知られていたが,1876年ミュケナイでシュリーマンによって竪穴(たてあな)墓が発掘され,黄金の仮面,装身具,剣等が発見された。前1600年―前1100年ころが最盛期で,ドリス人の侵入にともなう混乱のなかで滅亡した。線文字B(ミュケナイ文字とも。クレタ文字参照)はベントリスによって古いギリシア語であることが解明された。ミュケナイとティリュンスの遺跡は1999年世界文化遺産に登録された。
→関連項目アカイア人|ギリシア(古代)|テーベ|パフォス|ミュケナイ文書

出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報

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