…Secrets can be categorized into personal secrets, corporate secrets, state secrets, etc., depending on the entity to which they belong, but the way in which diplomatic secrets, military secrets, and other administrative secrets (important secrets among these are called secrets) are protected in modern society contains various problems. This is because if these secrets were protected by applying criminal penalties when they are leaked, it would result in preventing administrative information from being communicated to the public, leading to a "closed administration" that goes against the public's right to know and the idea of information disclosure. … From [Military Secrets]…On the other hand, foreign countries are conducting espionage and plotting to learn of these secrets. Therefore, countries around the world are defining state and military secrets and trying to prevent their leaking, and there is a constant fierce battle between information and counter-information between countries. Japan once had a “Military Secrets Protection Law.” *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "confidentiality (political/military)" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…秘密は,その帰属主体により,個人の秘密のほか,企業秘密,国家秘密などに区別することができるが,このうち,外交秘密や軍事秘密,そのほかの行政上の秘密(これらのうち重要な秘密を機密という)の保護のあり方は,現代の社会において,さまざまな問題を含んでいる。それは,これらの機密をもらした場合に刑罰を適用することによって保護すれば,行政上の情報が国民に伝達されることを妨げる結果となり,国民の知る権利や情報公開の理念に反した,〈行政の密室化〉をもたらすことになるからである。… 【軍事秘密】より…一方,これらを知得しようとする外国からの諜報,謀略が行われる。したがって世界各国とも国家機密,軍事秘密を定め,その漏洩(ろうえい)の防止に努めるので,各国のあいだでは情報・対情報の激しい戦いが不断に実施されている。 日本にはかつて〈軍機保護法〉が存在した。… ※「機密(政治・軍事)」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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