A device that clamps and holds a workpiece. It is also called a vice. It is widely used for manual work, such as bending or filing a plate, by clamping it between the jaws of a vice attached to a workbench. It is also used to fix materials to be machined by attaching it to the table of a machine tool. The jaws are opened and closed by turning the screw with the handle on the vice, and the jaws tighten and fix the workpiece. A flat-bottomed vice that is attached to a workbench is called a horizontal vice (box vice). A vice with long legs on the bottom that is attached to the side of a workbench is called a vertical vice, and a small vice that is easy to attach small parts to is called a hand vice. When machining with a machine tool, it is generally easier to work with a vice attached to the table of the machine rather than fixing the workpiece directly to the table. The vice used in this case is called a machine vice, and there are types for milling machines and planing machines. In vices used for mass production, the jaws are opened and closed automatically using hydraulics or compressed air, rather than by a handle. [Hidetaro Nakayama] [Reference] | |©Takashi Aoki Main types of vices Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
工作物を挟んで固定する装置。バイスviceともいう。板を曲げたり、やすりがけをしたりするときに、作業台に取り付けた万力の口金に挟んで作業をする手作業用として、広く使用されている。また工作機械のテーブルに取り付け、機械加工をする材料を固定するのにも用いられる。口金の開閉は、万力についているハンドルでねじを回して行い、口金により工作物を締め付けて固定する。作業台に取り付けて使用する底の平らなものは横万力(箱万力)とよばれる。また下方に長い脚があり、これを作業台の側面に取り付けるものを立て万力といい、小さい部品を手軽に取り付ける小形の万力を手万力という。工作機械で機械加工をするとき、工作物を直接テーブルに固定しないで、万力を機械のテーブルに固定し、これに工作物を固定したほうが、一般的に作業性がよい。この時に用いられる万力をマシンバイスとよび、フライス盤用、平削り盤用などがある。量産用に使われる万力では、口金の開閉は、ハンドルで行わず油圧あるいは圧縮空気を使用して自動的に行われる。 [中山秀太郎] [参照項目] | |©青木 隆"> 万力のおもな種類 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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