A military and bureaucratic organization in the Mughal Empire in India. It is said to have been established in the middle of the reign of the third emperor Akbar (1556-1605), from the mid-1570s to the 1590s. Mansab means "rank" in Arabic, and dār is the root of the Persian word dāshtan, meaning "to have," and manṣabdār means someone who holds a rank. In the original system, all those who served the empire, whether military or general bureaucrats, were given mansab (from the lowest rank of 10 to the highest rank of 5,000 as a vassal) by the emperor, and they were promoted for any meritorious achievements they made. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
インドのムガル帝国における軍事・官僚機構。第3代皇帝アクバル時代(1556‐1605)の中期,1570年代半ばから90年代にかけて成立したといわれる。マンサブmanṣabはアラビア語で〈位階〉を意味し,ダールdārは〈持つ〉の意のペルシア語dāshtanの語根で,〈マンサブダールmanṣabdār〉は位階を持つ者の意。当初の制度では,軍人,一般官僚を問わず,帝国に仕える者はすべて,皇帝からマンサブ(最低10位から臣下としての最高5000位まで)を与えられ,なんらかの功績のあるごとに昇進していくしくみとなっていた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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