A god revered in ancient Babylonia, Merodach, mentioned in Jeremiah 50, Chapter 2 in the Old Testament, corresponds to this god. He was apparently originally a local god, but gained power at the beginning of the First Babylonian Dynasty (around the 19th century BCE), and replaced the previous chief god Enlil, who had originated in Sumer. He appears in the preface to King Hammurabi's (around the 17th century BCE) law code as the son of Ea (Sumerian name Enki), the god of wisdom, and in Enuma Elish, a New Year's hymn dedicated to Marduk, which tells of his achievements, such as the conquest of the goddess Tiamat and the creation of humans, animals, and plants. There have been attempts to interpret this god's name in Semitic and Sumerian languages, but the results are not conclusive. The temple in Babylon was called E-sag-ira, and the dragon and javelin were used as symbols, and Jupiter was used as the heavenly god. [Yajima Fumio] [References] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
古代バビロニアで尊崇された神で、『旧約聖書』の「エレミヤ書」50章二のメロダクはこれにあたる。当初は地方神であったらしいが、バビロン第一王朝の初め(前19世紀ごろ)に勢力を得て、それまでのシュメール起源の主神エンリルにとってかわった。ハムラビ王(前17世紀ごろ)の法典前文に知恵の神エア(シュメール名エンキ)の息子として現れており、また『エヌマ・エリシュ』は、マルドゥクに捧(ささ)げられた新年儀式用の賛歌であり、女神ティアマト征伐、人間および動植物の創造などのマルドゥクの業績が語られている。この神名はセム語、シュメール語での解釈も試みられているが確定的ではない。バビロンの神殿はエ・サグ・イラとよばれ、また、竜と投槍(なげやり)をシンボルとしており、天神としては木星をさした。 [矢島文夫] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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