…In the case of tensile tests, the parallel part of the test piece does not stretch uniformly, but may be locally constricted. This phenomenon is called necking or local shrinkage, and the reduction in area when this phenomenon occurs is measured by taking the cross-sectional area of the narrowest part due to the necking as A 1. In ductile materials, once necking occurs, the stress decreases continuously until fracture occurs, and deformation is concentrated only at the necking. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "local contraction" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,引張試験の場合,試験片の平行部全体が均一に伸びるのではなく,局部的にくびれを生ずることがある。この現象をネッキングnecking,あるいは局部収縮とよぶが,この現象が起きた場合の断面収縮率は,くびれによって最も細くなった部分の断面積をA1として測定される。延性材料では,くびれがいったんできると,その後は破断するまで応力は連続的に減少し,変形はくびれのところだけに集中する。… ※「局部収縮」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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