Before being oxidized, long-chain free fatty acids first migrate from the cytosol into the mitochondria. After that, a complex process takes place, and finally, acetyl coenzyme A (abbreviated as acetyl CoA) is released one by one in a number of moles corresponding to the number of carbon atoms in each fatty acid (Figure). This acetyl CoA is used to produce ATP, an important energy source. The oxidation steps are shown below. (1) Activation of long-chain fatty acids and migration to mitochondria Free fatty acids in the cytosol are converted by the action of acyl-CoA synthetase into derivatives that have a thioester bond between the carboxyl group of the fatty acid and the SH (thiol) group of CoA. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
長鎖遊離脂肪酸は,酸化される前にまず,細胞質ゾルcytosolからミトコンドリアの中に移行する。その後複雑な過程を経て最終的にはそれぞれの脂肪酸の炭素数に見合ったモル数のアセチルコエンザイムA(アセチルCoAと略記)が一つずつ遊離してくる(図)。このアセチルCoAはエネルギー源として重要なATPの生産に使われる。以下に酸化の各過程を示す。(1)長鎖脂肪酸の活性化とミトコンドリアへの移行 細胞質ゾルの遊離脂肪酸はアシルCoA合成酵素の作用で脂肪酸のカルボキシル基とCoAのSH(チオール)基の間にチオエステル結合を有する誘導体に変化する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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