An Islamic dynasty (1196-1472) in Morocco, North Africa. Founded in the Atlas Mountains by the nomadic Berber Zenata tribe, it advanced into Morocco under the control of the Almohad dynasty in the late 13th century, capturing its capital Marrakech in 1269 and destroying the Almohad dynasty, and established its capital in Fes. The dynasty's successive sultans focused on confronting Christian forces in Spain, often invading the country, but were forced to play defensive roles after the defeat at Rio Salado in 1340. When Portugal occupied Ceuta in 1415, fighting against Christian forces intensified again, and the dynasty was destroyed when the Wattasids, a branch of the family that gained leadership, proclaimed themselves sultan in 1472. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
北アフリカ,モロッコのイスラム王朝 (1196~1472) 。遊牧ベルベル人のゼナータ族がアトラス山中に建てた王朝で,13世紀後半にはムワッヒド朝支配下のモロッコ諸地方に進出し,1269年にその首都マラケシュを落してムワッヒド朝を滅ぼし,フェスに首都をおいた。同朝の歴代スルタンは,スペインのキリスト教勢力との対決に力を注ぎ,しばしばスペインに侵攻したが,1340年のリオ・サラドの敗戦以後は守勢に立たされた。 1415年ポルトガルがセウタを占領すると,再びキリスト教勢力との戦いが激しくなり,その指導権を得た傍流のワッタース家が 72年スルタンを称するに及び,同朝は滅んだ。
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