1775‐1812 French physicist. He entered the École Polytechnique in 1794. From 1798 he served as an engineer in Napoleon's campaigns in Egypt and Syria, returning to Japan in 1801. He began researching optics while working, and in 1808 he entered a prize competition on birefringence, winning the prize in 2010 for successfully explaining it from the particle theory of light, which was advocated by Laplace at the time. During this research he also discovered the phenomenon of polarized light (1808), which he explained from the particle theory of light, and which was considered an important basis for the particle theory of light until the emergence of AJ Fresnel's wave theory of light. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1775‐1812 フランスの物理学者。1794年にエコール・ポリテクニクに入学。98年からナポレオンのエジプト,シリアの遠征にエンジニアとして従軍し,1801年帰国した。仕事のかたわら光学の研究を始め,08年に出された複屈折に関する懸賞問題に応募し,当時ラプラスにより主張されていた光の粒子説からの説明に成功したとして10年に受賞した。またこの研究中に,偏光現象を発見(1808)し,これを光の粒子説から説明,A.J.フレネルの光の波動説の登場まで,光の粒子説の重要な根拠とされた。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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