An Islamic organization that emerged in the eastern Sudan region at the end of the 19th century. In 1881, Muhammad Ahmad declared himself to be an apocalyptic Mahdist (savior), called for jihad (holy war), led a rebellion against the British, and established the Mahdist state. In 1885, he defeated General Gordon in Khartoum, but the state declined after Ahmad's death in the same year, and was destroyed by the British army in 1898. Under British rule, the Mahdist organization itself lost its revolutionary character and transformed into the foundation force of the Umma Party, but the Mahdist rebellion is regarded as a precursor to nationalism in Sudan. → Related articles Obaid | Omdurman | Sudan Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information |
19世紀末東スーダン地域に興ったイスラム教団。1881年,ムハンマド・アフマドが自らを終末論的なマフディー(救世主)であると宣言,ジハード(聖戦)を呼びかけて対英反乱を指導し,マフディー教団国家を建設した。1885年にはハルツームでゴードン将軍を破ったが,同年アフマドが死ぬと同国家は衰退,1898年イギリス軍に滅ぼされた。英国統治下ではマフディー教団自体も革命的性格を失い,ウンマ党の基盤勢力へと変質したが,マフディー反乱はスーダンにおけるナショナリズムの先駆として評価される。 →関連項目オベイド|オムドゥルマン|スーダン 出典 株式会社平凡社百科事典マイペディアについて 情報 |
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