Wu-sun (English spelling)

Japanese: 烏孫 - うそん（英語表記）Wu-sun

A nomadic tribe that lived north of the Tianshan Mountains from the Han Dynasty to the beginning of the Northern and Southern Dynasties in China. There are two theories about their race: they are of Turkic origin, and the other is that they are a mixture of Indo-European and Turkic. They were initially subordinate to the Xiongnu at the northern foot of the eastern Tianshan Mountains, but eventually they allied with the Xiongnu and attacked the Yuezhi, forcing the Yuezhi to move their base to northern Afghanistan. Emperor Wu of Han sent Zhang Qian to the Wusun to attack the Xiongnu from both sides, forming an alliance, and successfully advancing into Turkestan. However, within the Wusun, pro-Xiongnu and pro-Chinese factions were in conflict. In the latter half of the 2nd century, they were oppressed by the Xianbei, and in the latter half of the 5th century, they were invaded by the Rouran, and fled to the Pamir Mountains, disappearing from history. There is a theory that the ruling ethnic group of the Turks, the Ashina, were descendants of the Wusun, but this is not certain.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国，漢代から南北朝時代の初め頃まで天山山脈の北方にいた遊牧民族。人種については，トルコ系とする説と，インド＝ヨーロッパ系人種が混血してトルコ化したものという説とがある。初め東部天山山脈の北麓で匈奴に服属していたが，やがて匈奴と連合して月氏を討ち，このため月氏はその本拠をアフガニスタンの北部に移さざるをえなくなった。漢の武帝は匈奴を挟撃するため，張騫 (ちょうけん) を烏孫につかわして同盟を結び，漢のトルキスタン進出に成功した。しかし，烏孫内部では親匈奴派と親中国派とが対立した。2世紀後半には鮮卑の圧迫を受け，さらに5世紀後半には柔然に侵略されてパミール山中に逃れ，歴史から姿を消した。突厥の支配民族阿史那 (あしな) を烏孫の後裔とみなす説があるが，確かではない。

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