Kaikei

Japanese: 快慶 - かいけい
Kaikei

Dates of birth and death unknown. A Buddhist sculptor from the early Kamakura period. Thought to have been a pupil of Unkei's father, Kōkei, he is one of the leading figures in the world of sculpture in the Kamakura period alongside Unkei. His name first appears in 1183 (Juei 2) as one of the followers of the Lotus Sutra, which Unkei vowed to devote himself to. There are over 20 extant works, and according to inscriptions and documents written on the statues' foot pegs, he was known by titles such as Tamba Kōji and Echigo Hōkyō, and was a follower of Chōgen, the restorer of Todaiji Temple, and was also known as An-Namida-Butsu. In contrast to Unkei's robust style, Kaikei created a gentle and elegant style, known as the An'ami style, influenced by Fujiwara sculpture, and was praised even at the time as "a man with few equals." His popular and approachable style had a great influence on Buddhist sculpture thereafter. His representative works include the Miroku Bosatsu statue (1189) at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, the Amida Triad (1192) at Jodo-ji Temple in Hyogo, the Sogyo Hachiman statue (1201) at Todai-ji, the Amida Nyorai statue (1202) at the Shunjo-do Hall of the same temple, which he created for Chogen, and the Jizo Bodhisattva statue (date unknown) at the Kokei-do Hall of the same temple.

[Akio Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

生没年不詳。鎌倉初期の仏師。運慶の父にあたる康慶の弟子と思われ、運慶と並んで鎌倉時代の彫刻界を代表する人物。1183年(寿永2)に運慶が発願した法華経(ほけきょう)の結縁(けちえん)者の一人として初めてその名がみえる。現存する遺作は20点余りに上り、像の足枘(あしほぞ)などに記された銘文や文献によると、丹波講師(たんばこうじ)、越後法橋(えちごほっきょう)などと肩書し、東大寺中興の重源(ちょうげん)に帰依(きえ)して安阿弥陀仏(あんなみだぶつ)とも称している。運慶の剛健な表現に対して、快慶は、むしろ藤原彫刻の風を受けたような、穏やかで流麗な、いわゆる安阿弥様なる様式をつくりあげ、当時から「ほとんど肩を並べるなきの人」とまでたたえられている。大衆性のある、親しみやすさをもったその作風は、以後の仏像彫刻に大きな影響を与えている。代表作に、ボストン美術館の弥勒菩薩(みろくぼさつ)像(1189)、兵庫浄土寺の阿弥陀(あみだ)三尊像(1192)、東大寺の僧形八幡(そうぎょうはちまん)神像(1201)、重源のためにつくった同寺俊乗堂の阿弥陀如来(にょらい)像(1202)、同寺公慶堂の地蔵菩薩像(年代不詳)などがある。

[佐藤昭夫]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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