The name of the people who are said to have come to Bethlehem from the East, guided by a star at the time of Jesus' birth. The event is recorded in Matthew 2:1-12 in the New Testament. The Greek word for "magi" (plural magoi) is usually translated as "wise men" in Japanese. The singular form "Magos" originally referred to the Zoroastrian priests of ancient Persia, whose work included astrology, and thus became associated with the story of Jesus' birth. Although the number of them is not recorded in the Gospels, they came to be called "three" (the Three Wise Men), probably because the gifts they offered were described as "gold, frankincense, and myrrh." In later times, this material was expanded in various ways, and the three magi were given names, and their ages and places of origin were made clear. New stories also formed about the meaning of the gifts and the scenes in which they encountered the infant. [Hiroshi Tsuchiya] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イエス生誕のおりに、星に導かれて東方からベツレヘムへやってきたと伝えられる人々の呼び名。『新約聖書』のなかの「マタイ伝福音(ふくいん)書」第2章1~12節にそのできごとが記されている。「マギ」にあたるギリシア語「マゴイ」(複数形)は、日本語では通常「博士(はかせ)たち」と訳される。その単数形「マゴス」は元来、古代ペルシアのゾロアスター教の祭司のことで、その仕事には占星術も含まれていたため、イエス生誕物語と結び付くに至った。福音書に彼らの人数が記されていないにもかかわらず、「三人」(東方の三博士)と伝えられるようになったのは、彼らが捧(ささ)げた贈り物が「黄金、乳香、没薬(もつやく)」であったと述べられているためであろう。後の時代になると、この素材はさらに多様な形で拡大され、3人のマギはおのおの名前を与えられ、年齢と出身地も明確にされた。また、贈り物の意味や幼子と出会った光景についても、新たな物語が形成されていった。 [土屋 博] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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