Boncho - Boncho

A haiku poet from the mid-Edo period. Nozawa. His name was Mutsumasa. His haiku name was initially Kasei, and later in life he was also known as Akei. He was from Kanazawa, and went to Kyoto to practice medicine, but he soon became interested in Sho-style haiku. From 1690 (Genroku 3) to the following year, he was closely tutored by Basho, who was staying in Omi and Kyoto, and together with Kyorai, he compiled "Sarumino" (1691), instantly gaining the status of a representative writer of the Sho school. However, he soon became estranged from Basho, and was imprisoned for being embezzled, which caused his style to lose all its vitality, and he seems to have lived a life of poverty, especially in his later years. The haiku style of the "Sarumino" period was excellent in terms of concreteness and description, and was notable for its sensuous and vivid poems. The haiku poet Ukou was his wife.

[Minoru Horikiri]

Falling pine leaves at a Zen temple and Kannazuki

"Nozawa Boncho" by Imoto Noichi (included in "Haiku Lecture Series 2", 1959, Meiji Shoin)" ▽ "Domon Hyoban III: Boncho" by Nakajima Binyu (included in "Basho no Hon 3", 1970, Kadokawa Shoten)" ▽ "An Attempt at a Theory of Boncho" by Horikiri Minoru (included in "Basho, Buson, Issa", 1978, Yuzankaku Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸中期の俳人。野沢氏。名は允昌(むつまさ)。俳号は初め加生(かせい)、晩年は阿圭(あけい)とも称した。金沢の人で、京に出て医を業としたが、やがて蕉風俳諧(しょうふうはいかい)に近づき、1690年（元禄3）から翌年にかけて、近江(おうみ)・京方面に滞在していた芭蕉(ばしょう)から親しく指導を受け、去来とともに『猿蓑(さるみの)』（1691）の編纂(へんさん)にあたるなど、一躍蕉門の代表的作家の地位を獲得した。しかし、その後まもなく芭蕉から遠ざかり、また事に座して投獄されたりしたため、作風はまったく生彩を失うようになり、とくに晩年は零落した生活を送ったらしい。『猿蓑』時代の俳風は、具象性、叙景性に優れ、感覚的で印象鮮明な句にみるべきものがあった。俳人羽紅(うこう)は彼の妻である。

［堀切　實］

　禅寺の松の落葉や神無月(かんなづき)

『井本農一著『野沢凡兆』（『俳句講座2』所収・1959・明治書院）』▽『中島斌雄著『同門評判Ⅲ　凡兆』（『芭蕉の本3』所収・1970・角川書店）』▽『堀切實著『凡兆論の試み』（『芭蕉・蕪村・一茶』所収・1978・雄山閣出版）』

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