Italian mathematician and physician. Born in Naples. A pupil of Galileo and teacher of Malpighi. He studied mathematics under Benedetto Castelli (1578-1643) in Rome, and became professor of mathematics at the University of Messina in Sicily, and then at the University of Pisa. He applied his knowledge of mathematics, physics, and chemistry to the explanation of physiological phenomena such as respiration, digestion, and urinary secretion, and in particular to the movement of animals and the regulatory activity of the extensor and flexor muscles, as described in his book De Motu Animalium (1685). He also demonstrated the effectiveness of ventricular contraction due to the helical arrangement of ventricular muscle fibers, and calculated cardiac output. He also calculated the relative flow rate from the aortic blood flow to the abdominal visceral organs (about half the aortic flow rate). After his retirement, he served as physician to the former Queen Christina of Sweden (who fled to Rome of her own accord). [Nakayama Waka] [References] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イタリアの数学者、医師。ナポリの生まれ。ガリレイの弟子で、マルピーギの師である。ローマのカステッリBenedetto Castelli(1578―1643)のもとで数学を学び、シチリア島のメッシーナ大学の数学教授となり、ついでピサ大学の教授となった。数学、物理学、化学の知識を、呼吸、消化、尿の分泌などの生理現象の説明に応用した。とくにその著書『動物の運動』De Motu Animalium(1685)に記載しているように、動物の運動や伸筋、屈筋の調節的活動にも応用した。また心室筋線維の螺旋(らせん)状配列による心室収縮の有効性を明らかにし、心拍出力を計算した。また大動脈血流量から腹部内臓器官への比較的流量の計算(大動脈流量の約2分の1)もした。退任後はスウェーデンの前女王クリスティーナ(自由意志でローマに亡命)の侍医を務めていた。 [中山 沃] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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