Ichijo family

The Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, one of the Five Regent Houses. It began in the early Kamakura period when Sanetsune received his estate and mansion from his father Kujo Michiie. As this mansion was located in Ichijo Muromachi, the family was called Ichijo-dono, and became its family name. For generations, the family was appointed as regents and chancellors, and was an important aristocrat along with the Konoe and Kujo families. Kaneyoshi, who lived in the mid-Muromachi period, was also famous as a scholar. Kaneyoshi's eldest son, Norifusa, fled to Hatanosho, the family's territory in Saku Province (Kochi Prefecture), to avoid war, and his descendants also served as Tosa kokushi, becoming known as the Tosa Ichijo family and becoming daimyo during the Sengoku period, but were destroyed by the Chosokabe clan. In Kyoto, Norifusa's younger brother Fuyura succeeded him. Kaneyoshi's son Jinson, who became the head priest of Daijo-in Temple at Kofuku-ji, was also famous. In the early modern period, the family welcomed Emperor Goyozei's son Kaneto (Akiyoshi), and continued the family name. Emperor Meiji's Empress (Empress Dowager Shoken) was the third daughter of Tadaka. After the Meiji Restoration, he was ranked in the peerage and granted the title of duke.

[Harutake Iikura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

藤原氏北家(ほっけ)、五摂家(ごせっけ)の一つ。鎌倉時代の初め、実経(さねつね)が父九条道家(くじょうみちいえ)から所領と邸宅を譲られたことから始まる。この邸宅が一条室町(むろまち)にあったことから一条殿といわれ、家名となった。代々摂政(せっしょう)、関白(かんぱく)に任ぜられ、近衛(このえ)家、九条家などとともに、公家(くげ)でも重きを置いた。室町中期の兼良(かねら)は学者としても名高い。兼良の長子教房(のりふさ)は戦乱を避け、家領土佐国（高知県）幡多荘(はたのしょう)に下り、その子孫は土佐国司を兼ねて、土佐一条家といわれ、戦国大名化したが、長宗我部(ちょうそがべ)氏に滅ぼされた。京都では教房の弟冬良(ふゆら)が継いだ。兼良の子で興福寺大乗院門跡(もんぜき)に入った尋尊(じんそん)も有名である。近世初めには、後陽成天皇(ごようぜいてんのう)の皇子兼遐(かねとお)（昭良(あきよし)）を迎え、家名を存続した。明治天皇の皇后（昭憲皇太后）は忠香(ただか)の三女である。明治維新後、華族に列し公爵を授けられた。

［飯倉晴武］

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