Borgia family - Borgia

Japanese: ボルジア家 - ボルジアけ（英語表記）Borgia

A noble family of Italian descent from Yateba, near Valencia, Spain. They had a great influence in Italy from the late 15th century to the early 16th century. The family's prosperity began when one of its members, Alfonso (1378-1458), was elected Bishop of Valencia, cardinal, and then Pope (Calixtus III, reigned 55-58). Upon his accession to the throne, he called members of his family from Spain and appointed them to important positions in the Church. Among them were Pedro Ruiz, who became commander-in-chief of the Church's armies, and Rodrigo (31-1503), who was appointed cardinal. Rodrigo was elected Pope in 1492 and became Alexander VI (reigned 1492-1503), and he also appointed members of his family to important positions. His son Juan (→J.) became Duke of Gandia in Spain, Cesare (→C.) became Duke of Romagna after holding various ecclesiastical offices, his daughter Lucrezia (→L.) married Alfonso of Este, Duke of Ferrara, and his youngest son Jofre married Sancia, an illegitimate princess of Aragon. Thus the Borgia family reached its height of prosperity during Rodrigo's papacy, but after his death in 1503 the family fell into rapid decline.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

スペインのバレンシア近郊ヤティバ出身のイタリア名門貴族の家系。 15世紀末から 16世紀初めのイタリアに大きな影響を及ぼした。一門のアルフォンソ (1378～1458) がバレンシア司教，枢機卿を経て教皇 (カリクスツス3世〈在位 55～58〉) に選ばれたことから家系の隆盛が始った。彼は教皇即位と同時に一族をスペインから呼び寄せて教会の要職につけた。そのなかには教会軍総司令官となったペドロ・ルイスや枢機卿に任命されたロドリーゴ (31～1503) らがいた。ロドリーゴは 1492年教皇に選出されてアレクサンデル6世 (在位 1492～1503) となり，彼もまた一族を要職につけた。彼の息子フアン (→ボルジア，J.) はスペインのガンディア公に，チェーザレ (→ボルジア，C.) は数々の教会職を歴任したあとロマーニャ公となり，娘のルクレツィア (→ボルジア，L.) は政略結婚を重ねて最後にはエステ家のフェララ公アルフォンソの妻となり，末子ホフレはアラゴン家の庶出の王女サンチャと結婚した。このようにボルジア家はロドリーゴが教皇在任中に最盛期を迎えたが，彼が 1503年に死亡したあと家門は急速に没落した。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Borgese, Giuseppe Antonio

>>: Borgia, Cesare, Duc (Duke) De Valentinois