Panier (English spelling)

Japanese: パニエ(英語表記)panier; pannier
Panier (English spelling)
A type of petticoat or underskirt with a waist frame used by European women in the 18th century to spread out their skirts. Pannier is French, and in English it is called hoop or pannier. It is said that it was first used by stage actresses around 1718, but this is not certain. It became popular after the 1720s. Initially, it was bell-shaped, made of several layers of cane (rattan), wooden frames, wire, and whalebone, which were connected with cloth tape to form a ring. Later, some were designed to use the principle of hinges and be able to hold the items under both sides. Panniers were the most distinctive feature of elegant women's clothing during the Rococo period, the height of fashion.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
ヨーロッパの女性が 18世紀に使用したスカートを広げるための腰枠形式のペティコートないしアンダースカートの1種。パニエはフランス語で,英語ではフープあるいはパニアーという。 1718年頃,舞台女優が用いたのが初めとする説があるが,定かではない。 1720年代以後普及した。当初は吊り鐘状で,横に数段に重ねたトウ (籐) ,木枠,針金,くじらひげなどを輪形にし布テープで連結したもので,のちにはちょうつがいの原理を活用して,両脇下にそれらをかかえ込むことのできるように工夫されたものも現れた。パニエはモードの極盛期であるロココ時代の優美な婦人服の最大の特徴であった。

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