It began with liturgical dramas in the 12th century, and in the 16th century J. Kochanowski's verse dramas were born, but the establishment of national theater was in the 19th century by W. Bogusławski, A. Mickiewicz, J. Słowacki, Z. Krasiński and others. From the second half of the 19th century to the 20th century, S. Wyspiański and S. Witkiewicz, who is reevaluated as a pioneer of absurdist theater, brought a breath of fresh air, and L. Siler and Osterwa attracted attention as directors. After World War II, socialist realism became mainstream in the theater world, but in the 1960s, S. Mrozek and other young playwrights appeared, depicting the absurdity of modern society. The activities of director J. Grotowski, who aimed to create a "theatre without," have caused a great stir. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
12世紀の典礼劇に始り,16世紀には J.コハノフスキの詩劇が生れたが,国民演劇の樹立は 19世紀の W.ボグスワフスキ,A.ミツケーウィチ,J.スウォワツキ,Z.クラシンスキらによってである。 19世紀後半~20世紀は,S.ウィスピャンスキ,不条理劇の先駆者として再評価されている S.ウィトキェーウィチが新風をもたらし,また演出家としては L.シレルとオステルワが注目された。第2次世界大戦後は,社会主義リアリズムが演劇界の主流を占めたが,1960年代になると,現代社会の不条理性を描く S.ムロジェク,その他の若い劇作家たちが現れた。また「もたざる演劇」の創造を目指した演出家 J.グロトフスキの活動は大きな反響を呼起している。
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