Honestiores (English spelling) [Latin]

Japanese: ホネスティオレス(英語表記)honestiores[ラテン]
Honestiores (English spelling) [Latin]
The upper classes (people of honor) during the Roman Empire. They were distinguished in social status from the lower classes (people of lowliness) called humiliores. Senators, knights, veterans, and city councilors belonged to the upper classes, and in the early days there was no legal discrimination. However, from the time of Emperor Antoninus Pius, they began to receive privileged treatment in criminal proceedings and sentences. It is noteworthy that this discrimination became evident due to the fact that the expansion of Roman citizenship meant that the distinction between citizens and non-citizens became almost meaningless.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
ローマ帝国元首政期の上層民(名誉ある人びと)。〈フミリオレスhumiliores〉と呼ばれる下層民(卑しい人びと)と社会的身分において区別される。元老院議員身分,騎士身分,退役兵,都市参事会員身分の者が上層民に属し,初期には法制上の差別はみられなかった。しかし,アントニヌス・ピウス帝の頃から,刑事訴訟手続や刑量などにおいて特権的な取扱いを受けるようになった。このような身分差別が顕著になった背景に,ローマ市民権付与の拡大によって,市民と非市民との区別がほとんど意味をもたなくなってきた事実があることは注目される。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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