Podgorica - Podgorica (English spelling)

Japanese: ポドゴリツァ - ぽどごりつぁ(英語表記)Podgorica
Podgorica - Podgorica (English spelling)

The capital of the Republic of Montenegro. It was called Titograd from 1946 to 1991, but after the collapse of the socialist system, it was renamed Podgorica. Population: 179,403 (2003). Located at the point where the Ribnica River joins the Morača River, it has developed as a key transportation hub since Roman times. During the Roman period, it was called Doclea, and later Slavs came and built Podgorica. It was under Turkish rule from the late 15th century to 1878, and was occupied by Austria in World War I and Italy in World War II, suffering devastating damage from air raids. In 1945, the founding of the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia (former Yugoslavia) was proclaimed, and Montenegro became one of the six republics that made up the federation. In the following year, 1946, the city was renamed Titograd after the war hero Tito and moved from Cetinje to Titograd, and as the capital of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro, it literally became the center of politics, economy, and culture. After the dissolution of the former Yugoslavia, Montenegro established the new Yugoslavia together with Serbia in 1992 (became Serbia and Montenegro from 2003 to 2006), and in June 2006, it separated from Serbia and Montenegro and became independent. It is famous for the Church of St. George (11th century), where Stefan Nemanja, the founder of the medieval Serbian Nemanja dynasty, was baptized, the Turkish-style clock tower (18th century) in the old town, and the memorial mausoleum for partisan warriors. There is a nearby archaeological collection containing the remains of the Doucre archaeological finds, a university, a broadcasting station, an airport, an astronomy and meteorological institute, a seismological observatory and various technical schools. Besides aluminium production, metalworking, textile, tobacco and food factories are the main industries.

[Tamura Ritsu]

[References] | Serbia and Montenegro | Tito | Cetinje | Montenegro | Yugoslavia

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

モンテネグロ共和国の首都。1946~91年はチトーグラードTitogradと称したが、社会主義体制崩壊後、旧称であったポドゴリツァに改称された。人口17万9403(2003)。リブニツァ川がモラチャ川に合流する地点にあるため、ローマ時代から交通の要衝として発達。ローマ時代ドクレアDocleaとよばれ、後にスラブ人が来てポドゴリツァを建設した。15世紀後半から1878年までトルコ支配下にあり、第一次世界大戦ではオーストリア、第二次世界大戦ではイタリアに占領され、空襲により壊滅的被害を受けた。1945年にユーゴスラビア連邦人民共和国(旧ユーゴスラビア)の建国が宣言され、モンテネグロは連邦を構成する6共和国の一つとなり、翌46年、大戦の英雄チトーにちなんでチトーグラードと改称しツェティニェから遷都されると、モンテネグロ社会主義共和国の主都として、文字どおり政治、経済、文化の中心地となった。その後、旧ユーゴスラビアの解体を経て、1992年モンテネグロはセルビアとともに新ユーゴスラビア(2003~06年はセルビア・モンテネグロとなる)を成立させ、2006年6月にセルビア・モンテネグロから分離独立した。中世セルビアのネマーニャ王朝の開祖ステファン・ネマーニャStefan Nemanjaが洗礼を受けたと伝えられる聖ジョルジェ教会(11世紀)、トルコ風の旧市街に立つ時計塔(18世紀)、パルチザン戦士への記念廟(びょう)などで有名。ドクレアの出土品を収めた近郊の考古学コレクション、大学、放送局、空港、天文気象学研究所、地震観測所、諸種の専門学校がある。アルミニウム製造のほか、金属加工・織物・タバコ・食品工場がおもな産業である。

[田村 律]

[参照項目] | セルビア・モンテネグロ | チトー | ツェティニェ | モンテネグロ | ユーゴスラビア

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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